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CEN
EN 14081-1:2016

EN 14081-1:2016

Superseded

Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

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Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 1: General requirements

Superseded date

07-03-2022

Superseded by

EN 14081-1:2016+A1:2019

Published date

10-02-2016

Publisher

Comite Europeen de Normalisation

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European foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols
5 Requirements for structural timber
6 Assessment and verification of constancy of
  performance - AVCP
7 Marking
8 Environmental issues
Annex A (normative) - Requirements for strength reducing
                      characteristics for visual grading standards
Annex B (normative) - Marking codes for species
Annex C (normative) - Measurement of moisture content
Annex ZA (informative) - Clauses of this European Standard
         addressing the provisions of the
         EU Construction Products Regulation
Bibliography

This European Standard specifies requirements for strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross-sections either visual or machine graded, shaped by sawing, planning or other methods and with cross-sectional dimensions complying with EN 336 (referred to as structural timber in the following clauses).This European Standard includes provisions for test methods, Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance and marking of structural timber.NOTE 1For machine strength graded timber additional provisions for type testing (TT) are given in EN 14081-2 and for factory production control (FPC) in EN 14081-3.NOTE 2An acceptance procedure for verification of a lot is given in EN 14358 which may be used for a delivery of structural timber.This European Standard identifies characteristics for which limits have to be given in visual grading standards.This European Standard covers structural timber, untreated or treated against biological attack.This European Standard does not cover:-timber treated by fire retardant products to improve its fire performance;-thermally and/or chemically modified timber;-structural finger jointed timber.

Committee
CEN/TC 124
DevelopmentNote
Supersedes EN 518 and EN 519. (03/2006) Supersedes EN 14081-4 & PREN 14081-1. (02/2016)
DocumentType
Standard
PublisherName
Comite Europeen de Normalisation
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

PREN 15497 : DRAFT 2011 STRUCTURAL FINGER JOINTED SOLID TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
11/30237554 DC : 0 BS EN 14732 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - PREFABRICATED WALL, FLOOR AND ROOF ELEMENTS - REQUIREMENTS
09/30203195 DC : 0 BS EN 15497 - FINGER JOINTED STRUCTURAL TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
14/30298224 DC : 0 BS EN 16737 - STRUCTURAL TIMBER - VISUAL STRENGTH GRADING OF TROPICAL HARDWOOD
06/30149612 DC : 0 EN 409 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - TEST METHODS - DETERMINATION OF THE YIELD MOMENT OF DOWEL TYPE FASTENERS
UNE-EN 14081-3:2012 Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 3: Machine grading; additional requirements for factory production control
I.S. EN 14081-3:2012 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 3: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION CONTROL
BS EN 1995-1-1 : 2012 EUROCODE 5: DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES - PART 1-1: GENERAL - COMMON RULES AND RULES FOR BUILDINGS
BS EN 1380:2009 Timber structures. Test methods. Load bearing nails, screws, dowels and bolts
EN 16351:2015 Timber structures - Cross laminated timber - Requirements
EN 14250:2010 Timber structures - Product requirements for prefabricated structural members assembled with punched metal plate fasteners
I.S. EN 1995-1-2:2005 EUROCODE 5: DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES - PART 1-2: GENERAL - STRUCTURAL FIRE DESIGN (INCLUDING IRISH NATIONAL ANNEX)
DIN EN 15228:2009-08 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRUCTURAL TIMBER PRESERVATIVE TREATED AGAINST BIOLOGICAL ATTACK
16/30340577 DC : 0 BS EN 1309-3 - ROUND AND SAWN TIMBER - METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS - PART 3: FEATURES AND BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATIONS
DIN EN 15497:2014-07 STRUCTURAL FINGER JOINTED SOLID TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
11/30236369 DC : 0 BS EN 14080 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER AND GLUED SOLID TIMBER
BS EN 16351:2015 Timber structures. Cross laminated timber. Requirements
UNI EN 15228 : 2009 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRUCTURAL TIMBER PRESERVATIVE TREATED AGAINST BIOLOGICAL ATTACK
UNI EN 15497 : 2014 STRUCTURAL FINGER JOINTED SOLID TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
UNE-EN 16737:2016 Structural timber - Visual strength grading of tropical hardwood
UNE-EN 1309-3:2018 Round and sawn timber - Methods of measurements - Part 3: Features and biological degradations
DIN EN 1380:2009-07 TIMBER STRUCTURES - TEST METHODS - LOAD BEARING NAILS, SCREWS, DOWELS AND BOLTS
DIN EN 1912:2013-10 Structural timber - Strength classes - Assignment of visual grades and species (includes Corrigendum :2013)
DIN EN 1995-1-1:2010-12 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings (includes Corrigendum AC:2006 + Amendment A1:2008)
DIN EN 14250:2010-05 Timber structures - Product requirements for prefabricated structural members assembled with punched metal plate fasteners
UNE-EN 14080:2013 Timber structures - Glued laminated timber and glued solid timber - Requirements
BS EN 1912:2012 Structural Timber. Strength classes. Assignment of visual grades and species
I.S. EN 1380:2009 TIMBER STRUCTURES - TEST METHODS - LOAD BEARING NAILS, SCREWS, DOWELS AND BOLTS
I.S. EN 14081-2:2010 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 2: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INITIAL TYPE TESTING
I.S. EN 1912:2012 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRENGTH CLASSES - ASSIGNMENT OF VISUAL GRADES AND SPECIES
I.S. EN 14250:2010 TIMBER STRUCTURES - PRODUCT REQUIREMENTS FOR PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL MEMBERS ASSEMBLED WITH PUNCHED METAL PLATE FASTENERS
BS EN 15497:2014 Structural finger jointed solid timber. Performance requirements and minimum production requirements
10/30229277 DC : 0 BS EN 1912 - STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRENGTH CLASSES - ASSIGNMENT OF VISUAL GRADES AND SPECIES
BS EN 15228:2009 Structural timber. Structural timber preservative treated against biological attack
PREN 17121 : DRAFT 2017 CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE - HISTORIC TIMBER STRUCTURES - GUIDELINES FOR THE ON SITE ASSESSMENT
I.S. EN 16351:2015 TIMBER STRUCTURES - CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER - REQUIREMENTS
I.S. EN 16737:2016 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - VISUAL STRENGTH GRADING OF TROPICAL HARDWOOD
16/30338540 DC : 0 BS EN 14081-2 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 2: MACHINE GRADING, ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INITIAL TYPE TESTING
EN 1309-3:2018 Round and sawn timber - Methods of measurements - Part 3: Features and biological degradations
UNE-EN 14250:2010 Timber structures - Product requirements for prefabricated structural members assembled with punched metal plate fasteners
UNE-EN 384:2016 Structural timber - Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and density
I.S. EN 14080:2013 TIMBER STRUCTURES - GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER AND GLUED SOLID TIMBER - REQUIREMENTS
UNE-EN 14081-2:2010 Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 2: Machine grading; additional requirements for initial type testing
EN 14081-2:2010+A1:2012 Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 2: Machine grading; additional requirements for initial type testing
UNI EN 14081-3 : 2012 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 3: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION CONTROL
UNI EN 1995-1-2 : 2005 EUROCODE 5 - DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES - PART 1-2: GENERAL - STRUCTURAL FIRE DESIGN
UNI EN 14080 : 2013 TIMBER STRUCTURES - GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER AND GLUED SOLID TIMBER - REQUIREMENTS
UNI EN 1912 : 2012 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRENGTH CLASSES - ASSIGNMENT OF VISUAL GRADES AND SPECIES
UNI EN 14250 : 2010 TIMBER STRUCTURES - PRODUCT REQUIREMENTS FOR PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL MEMBERS ASSEMBLED WITH PUNCHED METAL PLATE FASTENERS
UNI EN 14081-4 : 2009-07 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 4: MACHINE GRADING - GRADING MACHINE SETTINGS FOR MACHINE CONTROLLED SYSTEMS
UNI EN 1995-1-1 : 2014 EUROCODE 5 - DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES - PART 1-1: GENERAL - COMMON RULES AND RULES FOR BUILDINGS
UNI EN 14081-2 : 2013 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 2: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INITIAL TYPE TESTING
UNI EN 1380 : 2009 TIMBER STRUCTURES - TEST METHODS - LOAD BEARING NAILS, SCREWS, DOWELS AND BOLTS
DIN EN 16351:2015-12 Timber structures - Cross laminated timber - Requirements
I.S. EN 15497:2014 STRUCTURAL FINGER JOINTED SOLID TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
11/30249114 DC : 0 BS EN 15497 - STRUCTURAL FINGER JOINTED SOLID TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
I.S. EN 1995-1-1:2005 EUROCODE 5: DESIGN OF TIMBER STRUCTURES - PART 1-1: GENERAL - COMMON RULES AND RULES FOR BUILDINGS
I.S. EN 14081-4:2009 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 4: MACHINE GRADING - GRADING MACHINE SETTINGS FOR MACHINE CONTROLLED SYSTEMS
13/30286100 DC : 0 BS EN 384 - STRUCTURAL TIMBER - DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTIC VALUES OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND DENSITY
PREN 14592 : DRAFT 2017 TIMBER STRUCTURES - DOWEL-TYPE FASTENERS - REQUIREMENTS
PREN 14081-2 : DRAFT 2016 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 2: MACHINE GRADING, ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INITIAL TYPE TESTING
10/30227077 DC : 0 BS EN 14081-3 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 3: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION CONTROL
09/30193698 DC : DRAFT JAN 2009 BS EN 14080 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER AND GLUED LAMINATED SOLID TIMBER - REQUIREMENTS
07/30152878 DC : DRAFT AUG 2007 BS EN 14250 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - PRODUCT REQUIREMENTS FOR PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL MEMBERS ASSEMBLED WITH PUNCHED METAL PLATE FASTENERS
UNE-EN 1995-1-2:2016 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural fire design.
PREN 384 : DRAFT 2013 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTIC VALUES OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND DENSITY
PREN 1912 : DRAFT 2010 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRENGTH CLASSES - ASSIGNMENT OF VISUAL GRADES AND SPECIES
17/30357806 DC : 0 BS EN 17121 - CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE - HISTORIC TIMBER STRUCTURES - GUIDELINES FOR THE ON SITE ASSESSMENT
DIN EN 14081-2:2016-06 (Draft) TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 2: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INITIAL TYPE TESTING
DIN EN 14080:2013-09 TIMBER STRUCTURES - GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER AND GLUED SOLID TIMBER - REQUIREMENTS
BS EN 384:2010 Structural timber. Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and density
BS EN 14081-2 : 2010 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 2: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INITIAL TYPE TESTING
UNE-EN 16351:2016 Timber structures - Cross laminated timber - Requirements
BS EN 14081-3 : 2012 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 3: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION CONTROL
BS EN 1995-1-2:2004 Eurocode 5. Design of timber structures General - Structural fire design
UNE-EN 1995-1-1:2016 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings.
BS EN 14250:2010 Timber structures. Product requirements for prefabricated structural members assembled with punched metal plate fasteners
BS EN 14080:2013 Timber structures. Glued laminated timber and glued solid timber. Requirements
UNE-EN 1912:2012 Structural Timber - Strength classes - Assignment of visual grades and species
DIN EN 14081-3:2012-04 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 3: MACHINE GRADING; ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION CONTROL
EN 14080:2013 Timber structures - Glued laminated timber and glued solid timber - Requirements
EN 384:2016 Structural timber - Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and density
EN 14081-3:2012 Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 3: Machine grading; additional requirements for factory production control
EN 15497:2014 Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements
EN 1380:2009 Timber structures - Test methods - Load bearing nails, screws, dowels and bolts
EN 16737:2016 Structural timber - Visual strength grading of tropical hardwood
EN 15228:2009 Structural timber - Structural timber preservative treated against biological attack
DIN EN 16737:2016-09 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - VISUAL STRENGTH GRADING OF TROPICAL HARDWOOD
UNE-EN 15497:2014 Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements
I.S. EN 1309-3:2018 ROUND AND SAWN TIMBER - METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS - PART 3: FEATURES AND BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATIONS
BS EN 16737:2016 Structural timber. Visual strength grading of tropical hardwood
DIN EN 15497 E : 2014 STRUCTURAL FINGER JOINTED SOLID TIMBER - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND MINIMUM PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS
06/30149615 DC : 0 EN 1380 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - TEST METHODS - LOAD BEARING NAILS, SCREWS, DOWELS AND BOLTS
11/30253102 DC : 0 BS EN 16351 - TIMBER STRUCTURES - CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER - REQUIREMENTS
08/30159962 DC : 0 BS EN 384 - STRUCTURAL TIMBER - DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTIC VALUES OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND DENSITY
08/30159958 DC : DRAFT JUNE 2008 BS EN 338 - STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRENGTH CLASSES
I.S. EN 15228:2009 STRUCTURAL TIMBER - STRUCTURAL TIMBER PRESERVATIVE TREATED AGAINST BIOLOGICAL ATTACK
BS EN 14081-4:2009 Timber structures. Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Machine grading. Grading machine settings for machine controlled systems
DIN EN 1995-1-2:2010-12 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural fire design (includes Corrigendum AC:2009)
DIN EN 14081-4:2009-06 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 4: MACHINE GRADING - GRADING MACHINE SETTINGS FOR MACHINE CONTROLLED SYSTEMS
DIN EN 14081-4:2009-10 TIMBER STRUCTURES - STRENGTH GRADED STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION - PART 4: MACHINE GRADING - GRADING MACHINE SETTINGS FOR MACHINE CONTROLLED SYSTEMS

EN 1310:1997 Round and sawn timber - Method of measurement of features
EN 13183-3:2005 Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber - Part 3: Estimation by capacitance method
EN 350-1:1994 Durability of wood and wood-based products - Natural durability of solid wood - Part 1: Guide to the principles of testing and classification of the natural durability of wood
EN 335:2013 Durability of wood and wood-based products - Use classes: definitions, application to solid wood and wood-based products
EN 14081-2:2010+A1:2012 Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 2: Machine grading; additional requirements for initial type testing
EN 16485:2014 Round and sawn timber - Environmental Product Declarations - Product category rules for wood and wood-based products for use in construction
EN 15804:2012 Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction products
EN ISO 3166-1:2014 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country codes (ISO 3166-1:2013)
EN 13501-2:2016 Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 2: Classification using data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services
EN 844-7:1997 Round and sawn timber - Terminology - Part 7: Terms relating to anatomical structure of timber
EN 13556:2003 Round and sawn timber - Nomenclature of timbers used in Europe
EN 13238:2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates
EN 16449:2014 Wood and wood-based products - Calculation of the biogenic carbon content of wood and conversion to carbon dioxide
EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
EN 350-2:1994 Durability of wood and wood-based products - Natural durability of solid wood - Part 2: Guide to natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe
EN 336:2013 Structural timber - Sizes, permitted deviations
EN ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems - Requirements (ISO 9001:2015)
EN 15942:2011 Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Communication format business-to-business
EN 844-10:1998 Round and sawn timber - Terminology - Part 10: Terms relating to stain and fungal attack
ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems — Requirements
EN 338:2016 Structural timber - Strength classes
ISO 3166-1:2013 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions Part 1: Country codes
EN 14358:2016 Timber structures - Calculation and verification of characteristic values
EN 844-9:1997 Round and sawn timber - Terminology - Part 9: Terms relating to features of sawn timber
EN 14081-3:2012 Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 3: Machine grading; additional requirements for factory production control
EN 15228:2009 Structural timber - Structural timber preservative treated against biological attack
EN 384:2016 Structural timber - Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and density

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