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ASTM D 6074 : 2015 : R2022
Current
The latest, up-to-date edition.
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Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils
Hardcopy , PDF
English
24-10-2022
Committee |
D 02
|
DocumentType |
Guide
|
Pages |
10
|
PublisherName |
American Society for Testing and Materials
|
Status |
Current
|
Supersedes |
1.1This guide suggests physical, chemical, and toxicological test methods for characterizing hydrocarbon lubricant base oils derived from various refining processes including re-refining used oils and refining crude oil. This guide does not contain limits nor does it purport to cover all tests which could be employed; rather, it represents the first step in better describing important parameters of lubricant base oils affecting lubricant performance and safe handling. Tests have been identified to characterize the composition and performance of base oils in addition to verifying their consistency. Undesirable components have also been identified with a range of typical levels. These are not limits. It is the responsibility of the buyer and seller to determine and agree upon the implementation of this guide.
1.2This guide applies only to base oils and not to finished lubricants.
1.3Base oils containing detectable levels of esters, animal fats, vegetable oils, or other materials used as, or blended into, lubricants are not covered by this guide.
1.4This guide is relevant to base oils composed of hydrocarbons and intended for use in formulating products including automotive and industrial lubricants. Although not intended to cover all base oil viscosity grades, this guide does cover the majority of viscosities that would be used in both automotive and industrial oil formulations. These base oils would typically have a viscosity of approximately 2 mm2/s to 40 mm2/s (cSt) at 100 °C (50 SUS to 3740 SUS at 100 °F).
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D 4057 : 2019 | Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 1500 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale) |
ASTM D 974 : 2014 : EDT 2 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 5984 : 2011 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Semi-Quantitative Field Test Method for Base Number in New and Used Lubricants by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 664 : 2018 : EDT 2 | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 5762 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocarbons, Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Boat-Inlet Chemiluminescence |
ASTM D 7419 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Aromatics and Total Saturates in Lube Basestocks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Refractive Index Detection |
ASTM D 5800 : 2018 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method |
ASTM D 664 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 4052 : 2018 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter |
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method |
ASTM D 4628 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Analysis of Barium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc in Unused Lubricating Oils by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry |
ASTM D 2007 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method |
ASTM D 3828 : 2016 : REV A : R2021 | Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester |
ASTM D 6822 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 7094 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester |
ASTM D 974 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 6443 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium, Chlorine, Copper, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Zinc in Unused Lubricating Oils and Additives by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (Mathematical Correction Procedure) |
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method |
ASTM D 664 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 6304 : 2020 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration |
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 2 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 93 : 2019 | Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester |
ASTM D 189 : 2006 : R2014 | Standard Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 974 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 5800 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method |
ASTM D 445 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 4628 : 2016 | Standard Test Method for Analysis of Barium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc in Unused Lubricating Oils by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry |
ASTM D 7419 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Aromatics and Total Saturates in Lube Basestocks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Refractive Index Detection |
ASTM D 7095 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 : REV A | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 287 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer/Method) |
ASTM D 7777 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Liquid Petroleum by Portable Digital Density Meter |
ASTM D 2887 : 2022 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography |
ASTM D 4739 : 2017 | Standard Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration |
ASTM D 4175 : 2023 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 5984 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Semi-Quantitative Field Test Method for Base Number in New and Used Lubricants by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 2887 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography |
ASTM D 7042 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 3828 : 2016 : REV A | Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester |
ASTM D 2622 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 : REV A : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 5293 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils and Base Stocks Between –10 °C and –35 °C Using Cold-Cranking Simulator |
ASTM D 6481 : 2014 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus, Sulfur, Calcium, and Zinc in Lubrication Oils by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
ASTM D 1500 : 2012 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale) |
ASTM D 2007 : 2019 : R2024 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method |
ASTM D 2887 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography |
ASTM D 6822 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method |
ASTM D 445 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 4177 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 6481 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus, Sulfur, Calcium, and Zinc in Lubrication Oils by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 2270 : 2010 : R2016 | Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C |
ASTM D 189 : 2006 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 287 : 2012 : REV B | Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method) |
ASTM D 4294 : 2016 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry |
ASTM D 5453 : 2016 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence |
ASTM D 7095 : 2017 | Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip |
ASTM D 2270 : 2024 | Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C |
ASTM D 445 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 4175 : 2023 : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 189 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 4175 : 2023 : REV A | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 130 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test |
ASTM D 7094 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester |
ASTM D 2622 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry |
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B : R2022 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 664 : 2011 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 445 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 445 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 2896 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration |
ASTM D 4739 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration |
ASTM D 4057 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 524 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 6443 : 2014 : R2019 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium, Chlorine, Copper, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Zinc in Unused Lubricating Oils and Additives by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (Mathematical Correction Procedure) |
ASTM D 7777 : 2013 : R2018 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Liquid Petroleum by Portable Digital Density Meter |
ASTM D 4052 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter |
ASTM D 5800 : 2020 | Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method |
ASTM D 5453 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence |
ASTM D 4530 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method) |
ASTM D 445 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 4175 : 2024 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 6749 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method) |
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 4177 : 2022 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 6749 : 2002 : R2018 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method) |
ASTM D 6822 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method |
ASTM D 4059 : 2000 : R2018 | Standard Test Method for Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Insulating Liquids by Gas Chromatography |
ASTM D 5762 : 2018 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocarbons, Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Boat-Inlet Chemiluminescence |
ASTM D 445 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 130 : 2012 | Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test |
ASTM D 2622 : 2016 | Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry |
ASTM D 93 : 2018 | Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester |
ASTM D 287 : 2012 : REV B : R2019 | Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method) |
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