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ASTM E 280 : 2015 : REDLINE
Superseded
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Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm)) Steel Castings
13-08-2021
English
01-09-2015
CONTAINED IN VOL. 03.03, 2017 Specifies various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses of 4[1/2] to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm).
Committee |
E 07
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DocumentType |
Redline
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Pages |
5
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PublisherName |
American Society for Testing and Materials
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Status |
Superseded
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SupersededBy |
1.1These reference radiographs2 illustrate various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses of 41/2to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and must be purchased separately from ASTM International, if needed (see 2.2). Categories and severity levels for each discontinuity type represented by these reference radiographs are described in 1.2.
Note 1:The basis of application for these reference radiographs requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and classification criterion as described in Sections 4, 6, and 7 of this standard. Reference radiographs for other steel casting thicknesses may be found in Reference Radiograph standards E446 and E186. Reference radiograph E186 provides some overlap of severity levels for similar discontinuity categories within the same energy level range (see 4.2, 5.1, and 6.3).
1.2These reference radiographs consist of two separate volumes as follows
1.2.1Volume I: 2-MV X-rays and Cobalt-60—This includes cobalt-60 or equivalent isotope radiation and from 2-MV up to 4-MV X-rays. Set of 28 plates in 81/2by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) ring binders.
1.2.2Volume II: 4-MV to 30-MV X-rays—Set of 28 plates in 8 1/2by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) ring binders.
1.2.3Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplier agreement (see 1.1), each volume is for comparison only with production radiographs produced with radiation energy levels within the thickness range covered by this standard. Each volume consists of three categories of graded discontinuities in increasing severity levels, and three categories of ungraded discontinuities. Reference radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. Following is a list of discontinuity categories, types and severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of this standard:
1.2.3.1Category A—Gas porosity; severity levels 1 through 5.
1.2.3.2Category B—Sand and slag inclusions; severity levels 1 through 5.
1.2.3.3Category C—Shrinkage; three types:
(1)Ca Linear Shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5 (called Type 1 in previous revisions).
(2)Cb Feathery Shrinkage —Severity levels 1 through 5 (called Type 2 in previous revisions).
(3)Cc Sponge Shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5 (called Type 3 in previous revisions).
1.2.3.4Category D—Crack; one illustration D5 in pre-1972 documents.
1.2.3.5Category E—Hot tear; one illustration D3 in pre-1972 documents.
1.2.3.6Category F—Insert; one illustration EB2 in pre-1972 documents.
1.3From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard.
1.4The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. SI values are shown for information only.
1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
MIL-A-53079 Base Document:1989 | ANCHOR, NAVMOOR CAUSEWAY MOORING |
DIN EN 15689 E : 2010 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CROSSING COMPONENTS MADE OF CAST AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL |
API 16C RUSSIAN : 1993 | SPECIFICATION FOR CHOKE AND KILL SYSTEMS |
ASTM E 1030 : 2005 : R2011 | Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings |
MIL-STD-2175 Revision A:1993 | CASTING, CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF |
MIL-STD-1689 Revision A:1990 | FABRICATION, WELDING AND INSPECTION OF SHIPS STRUCTURE |
ENA TS 62-3 : ISSUE 1 1983 | MAIN CIRCULATING WATER PUMP IMPELLER CASTINGS |
ESI 66-2 : ISSUE 2 | 2.25 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES |
07/30143650 DC : 0 | BS ISO 4993 - STEEL AND IRON CASTINGS - RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION |
08/30132226 DC : DRAFT MAR 2008 | BS ISO 13535 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - HOISTING EQUIPMENT |
API 14L : 2007 : R2012 | SPECIFICATION FOR LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES |
BS ISO 4993:2015 | Steel and iron castings. Radiographic testing |
I.S. EN 12681-1:2017 | FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING - PART 1: FILM TECHNIQUES |
DEFSTAN 95-25/1(2000) : 2000 | ARMOUR QUALITY STEEL CASTINGS |
ASTM E 1030/E1030M : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings |
ASTM E 689 : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings |
ASTM E 1030 : 2005 | Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings |
API 14L CHINESE : 2007 | SPECIFICATION FOR LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES |
ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2014 | Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures |
EN 12681-1:2017 | Founding - Radiographic testing - Part 1: Film techniques |
EN 12681 : 2003 | FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION |
ASME B16.34 : 2017 | VALVES - FLANGED, THREADED, AND WELDING END |
QQ-S-681 Revision F:1974 | FEDERAL SPECIFICATION STEEL CASTINGS |
API 6A REDLINE : 2010 | SPECIFICATION FOR WELLHEAD AND CHRISTMAS TREE EQUIPMENT |
MIL-STD-278 Revision F:1987 | WELDING AND CASTING STANDARD |
I.S. EN 15689:2009 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CROSSING COMPONENTS MADE OF CAST AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL |
ENA TS 56-1 : ISSUE 2 1989 | FERRITIC STEEL VALVE CASTING |
13/30252106 DC : 0 | BS ISO 4993 - STEEL AND IRON CASTINGS - RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION |
ASTM A 872/A872M : 2014 : REDLINE | Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe for Corrosive Environments |
MIL-T-17523 Revision D:1976 | TURBINE, STEAM, AUXILIARY (AND REDUCTION GEAR) MECHANICAL DRIVE |
11/30249105 DC : 0 | BS EN 12516-1 - INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS |
07/30165591 DC : 0 | BS EN 15689 - RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CAST AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL FOR CROSSING COMPONENTS |
API 7NRV CHINESE : 2006 | SPECIFICATION FOR DRILL STRING NON-RETURN VALVES |
ISO 10433:1994 | Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and production equipment — Specification for wellhead surface safety valves and underwater safety valves for offshore service |
I.S. EN 12516-1:2014 | INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS |
API 6AR : 1994 | RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURE OF WELLHEAD AND CHRISTMAS TREE EQUIPMENT |
ASTM E 186 : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4<fraction><num>1</num><den>2</den></fraction > in. (50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings |
ISO 13628-4:2010 | Petroleum and natural gas industries — Design and operation of subsea production systems — Part 4: Subsea wellhead and tree equipment |
BS EN ISO 13535:2001 | Petroleum and natural gas industries. Drilling and production equipment. Hoisting equipment Hoisting equipment |
I.S. EN ISO 10432:2005 | PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT |
I.S. EN ISO 16070:2006 | PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES |
ASME B31.1 : 2016 | POWER PIPING |
ASME PV CODE 1 : 2017 | BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE - RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF POWER BOILERS |
ASME PV CODE 8 DIV 2 : 2017 | BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE - RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS DIVISION 2- ALTERNATIVE RULES |
ASME PV CODE 8 DIV 1 : 2017 | BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE - RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS DIVISION 1 |
BS 806:1993 | Specification for design and construction of ferrous piping installations for and in connection with land boilers |
BS 806:1990 | Specification for design and construction of ferrous piping installations for and in connection with land boilers |
ASME B31.3:2016 | PROCESS PIPING |
MIL-STD-1688 Revision A:1990 | FABRICATION, WELDING, AND INSPECTION OF HY-80/100 SUBMARINE APPLICATIONS |
BS EN 15689:2009 | Railway applications. Track. Switches and crossings. Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel |
ESI 56-1 : ISSUE 2 | FERRITIC STEEL VALVE CASTINGS |
ESI 66-1 : ISSUE 2 | 0.5 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES |
MIL-V-24439 Revision A:1984 | VALVE, OXYGEN, HELIUM AND HELIUM OXYGEN MIXTURE, HIGH PRESSURE FOR GAS SERVICES |
ENA TS 66-3 : ISSUE 1 1989 | CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES |
ISO 10432:2004 | Petroleum and natural gas industries Downhole equipment Subsurface safety valve equipment |
ENA TS 66-1 : ISSUE 2 1989 | 0.5 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES |
00/714962 DC : DRAFT OCT 2000 | PREN 12516-1 - INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOF STEEL VALVE SHELLS |
MIL-B-17397 Revision D:1983 | BITTS, CLEATS, AND CHOCKS |
ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : EDT 1 | Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures |
MIL-STD-1265 Revision A:1987 | RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION, CLASSIFICATION AND SOUNDNESS REQUIREMENTS FOR STEEL CASTINGS |
ASTM A 356/A356M : 2011 | Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines |
API SPEC 14L : 2007 | SPECIFICATION FOR LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES |
UNI EN 12516-1 : 2014 | INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS |
DEFSTAN 95-25/2(2004) : 2004 | ARMOUR QUALITY STEEL CASTINGS |
UNE-EN 15689:2011 | Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel |
BS EN 12681-1:2017 | Founding. Radiographic testing Film techniques |
ASTM E 446 : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness |
API 19V : 2013 | SUBSURFACE BARRIER VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT |
ASTM A 781/A781M : 2018-02 | SPECIFICATION FOR CASTINGS, STEEL AND ALLOY, COMMON REQUIREMENTS, FOR GENERAL INDUSTRIAL USE |
ISO 4993:2015 | Steel and iron castings — Radiographic testing |
DIN EN 12681:2003-06 | FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION |
BS EN ISO 14693:2003 | Petroleum and natural gas industries. Drilling and well-servicing equipment |
EEMUA 176 : 1998 | SPECIFICATION FOR STRUCTURAL CASTINGS FOR USE OFFSHORE |
API 7K : 2015+ERR 2:2016 | DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT |
API 14D : 1994 | SPECIFICATION FOR WELLHEAD SURFACE SAFETY VALVES AND UNDERWATER SAFETY VALVES FOR OFFSHORE SERVICE |
API 6RS : 1ED 90 SUPP 1 | BULLETIN ON REFERENCED STANDARDS FOR COMMITTEE 6, STANDARDIZATION OF VALVES AND WELLHEAD EQUIPMENT |
EN ISO 10432:2004 | Petroleum and natural gas industries - Downhole equipment - Subsurface safety valve equipment (ISO 10432:2004) |
UNI EN ISO 28781 : 2010 | PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE BARRIER VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT |
MSS SP 147 : 2014 | QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS USED IN STANDARD CLASS STEEL VALVES - SAMPLING METHOD FOR EVALUATING CASTING QUALITY |
DIN EN 15689:2010-04 | Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel |
API 8C : 2012 | DRILLING AND PRODUCTION HOISTING EQUIPMENT (PSL 1 AND PSL 2) |
ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2018 | Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures |
API 14A RUSSIAN : 2001 | SPECIFICATION FOR SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT |
I.S. EN 12681:2003 | FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION |
06/30125909 DC : DRAFT OCT 2006 | ISO 13628-4 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - PART 4: SUBSEA WELLHEAD AND TREE EQUIPMENT |
API 14A : 2015 | SPECIFICATION FOR SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT |
ENA TS 66-2 : ISSUE 1 1989 | 2.25 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES |
09/30154810 DC : 0 | BS EN ISO 28781 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT |
04/30103964 DC : DRAFT MAY 2004 | BS ISO 16070 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES |
SAE AMS 2175 : 2010 | CASTINGS, CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF |
API 20A : 2017 | CARBON STEEL, ALLOY STEEL, STAINLESS STEEL, AND NICKEL BASE ALLOY CASTINGS FOR USE IN THE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY |
MIL-STD-453 Revision C:1984 | INSPECTION, RADIOGRAPHIC |
API 6A : 2010 | SPECIFICATION FOR WELLHEAD AND CHRISTMAS TREE EQUIPMENT |
API 17D REDLINE : 2011 | DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - SUBSEA WELLHEAD AND TREE EQUIPMENT |
17/30244737 DC : 0 | BS EN 17149 - RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - FATIGUE STRENGTH ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY VEHICLE STRUCTURES BASED ON CUMULATIVE DAMAGE |
BS EN 12516-1 : 2014 | INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS |
EN 12516-1:2014 | Industrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 1: Tabulation method for steel valve shells |
UNE-EN 12516-1:2016 | Industrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 1: Tabulation method for steel valve shells |
ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2009 | Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures |
API 7K CHINESE : 2010 | DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT |
ASTM A 356/A356M : 2011 : R2016 | Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines |
EN ISO 13628-4:2010/AC:2011 | PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - PART 4: SUBSEA WELLHEAD AND TREE EQUIPMENT |
BS EN ISO 10432:2004 | Petroleum and natural gas industries. Downhole equipment. Subsurface safety valve equipment |
ISO 16070:2005 | Petroleum and natural gas industries Downhole equipment Lock mandrels and landing nipples |
BS EN ISO 16070:2005 | Petroleum and natural gas industries. Downhole equipment. Lock mandrels and landing nipples |
ISO 13535:2000 | Petroleum and natural gas industries Drilling and production equipment Hoisting equipment |
BS EN 12681:2003 | Founding. Radiographic examination |
ISO 14693:2003 | Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and well-servicing equipment |
EN ISO 14693:2003 | Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and well-servicing equipment (ISO 14693:2003) |
EN 15689:2009 | Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel |
EN ISO 13535:2000 | Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and production equipment - Hoisting equipment (ISO 13535:2000) |
EN ISO 16070:2005 | Petroleum and natural gas industries - Downhole equipment - Lock mandrels and landing nipples (ISO 16070:2005) |
EN ISO 28781:2010 | Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and production equipment - Subsurface barrier valves and related equipment (ISO 28781:2010) |
BS EN ISO 28781:2010 | Petroleum and natural gas industries. Drilling and production equipment. Subsurface barrier valves and related equipment |
API SPEC 16C : 2015 | CHOKE AND KILL EQUIPMENT |
MIL-T-17600 Revision D:1968 | TURBINE, STEAM, PROPULSION NAVAL SHIPBOARD |
API 16C CHINESE : 1993 | SPECIFICATION FOR CHOKE AND KILL SYSTEMS |
ESI 62-3 : ISSUE 1 | MAIN CIRCULATING WATER PUMP IMPELLER CASTINGS |
ESI 66-3 : ISSUE 1 | CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES |
MIL-HDBK-1265 Base Document:1998 | RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION, CLASSIFICATION AND SOUNDNESS REQUIREMENTS FOR STEEL CASTINGS |
03/311760 DC : DRAFT JULY 2003 | ISO 10432 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT |
ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 | Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures |
I.S. EN ISO 28781:2010 | PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE BARRIER VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT |
BS 5998:1983 | Specification for quality levels for steel valve castings |
MSS SP 54 : 2013 | QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS FOR VALVES, FLANGES, FITTINGS, AND OTHER PIPING COMPONENTS - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION METHOD |
API 7NRV : 2006 | SPECIFICATION FOR DRILL STRING NON-RETURN VALVES |
API 7NRV : 2006 : R2012 | SPECIFICATION FOR DRILL STRING NON-RETURN VALVES |
DIN EN 12516-1:2015-01 | INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS |
SAE AMS STD 2175 : 2003 | CASTINGS, CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF |
ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2004 | Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures |
UNI EN 15689 : 2010 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CROSSING COMPONENTS MADE OF CAST AUSTENIC MANGANESE STEEL |
API 7K : 2015 | DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT |
API 7K REDLINE : 2010 | DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT |
BS EN ISO 13628-4:1999 | Petroleum and natural gas industries. Design and operation of subsea production systems Subsea wellhead and tree equipment |
ISO 28781:2010 | Petroleum and natural gas industries Drilling and production equipment Subsurface barrier valves and related equipment |
ASME B31.3 SPANISH : 2010 | PROCESS PIPING |
ASTM E 446 : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness |
ASTM E 186 : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4<fraction><num>1</num><den>2</den></fraction > in. (50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings |
ASTM E 242 : 2015 : REDLINE | Standard Reference Radiographs for Appearances of Radiographic Images as Certain Parameters are Changed |
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