• ASTM E 280 : 2015 : REDLINE

    Superseded A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

    Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm)) Steel Castings

    Available format(s):  PDF

    Superseded date:  13-08-2021

    Language(s):  English

    Published date:  01-09-2015

    Publisher:  American Society for Testing and Materials

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    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    CONTAINED IN VOL. 03.03, 2017 Specifies various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses of 4[1/2] to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm).

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    1.1These reference radiographs2 illustrate various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses of 41/2to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and must be purchased separately from ASTM International, if needed (see 2.2). Categories and severity levels for each discontinuity type represented by these reference radiographs are described in 1.2.

    Note 1:The basis of application for these reference radiographs requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and classification criterion as described in Sections 4, 6, and 7 of this standard. Reference radiographs for other steel casting thicknesses may be found in Reference Radiograph standards E446 and E186. Reference radiograph E186 provides some overlap of severity levels for similar discontinuity categories within the same energy level range (see 4.2, 5.1, and 6.3).

    1.2These reference radiographs consist of two separate volumes as follows

    1.2.1Volume I: 2-MV X-rays and Cobalt-60—This includes cobalt-60 or equivalent isotope radiation and from 2-MV up to 4-MV X-rays. Set of 28 plates in 81/2by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) ring binders.

    1.2.2Volume II: 4-MV to 30-MV X-rays—Set of 28 plates in 8 1/2by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) ring binders.

    1.2.3Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplier agreement (see 1.1), each volume is for comparison only with production radiographs produced with radiation energy levels within the thickness range covered by this standard. Each volume consists of three categories of graded discontinuities in increasing severity levels, and three categories of ungraded discontinuities. Reference radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. Following is a list of discontinuity categories, types and severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of this standard:

    1.2.3.1Category A—Gas porosity; severity levels 1 through 5.

    1.2.3.2Category B—Sand and slag inclusions; severity levels 1 through 5.

    1.2.3.3Category C—Shrinkage; three types:

    (1)Ca Linear Shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5 (called Type 1 in previous revisions).

    (2)Cb Feathery Shrinkage —Severity levels 1 through 5 (called Type 2 in previous revisions).

    (3)Cc Sponge Shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5 (called Type 3 in previous revisions).

    1.2.3.4Category D—Crack; one illustration D5 in pre-1972 documents.

    1.2.3.5Category E—Hot tear; one illustration D3 in pre-1972 documents.

    1.2.3.6Category F—Insert; one illustration EB2 in pre-1972 documents.

    1.3From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard.

    1.4The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. SI values are shown for information only.

    1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committee E 07
    Document Type Redline
    Publisher American Society for Testing and Materials
    Status Superseded
    Superseded By

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    MIL-A-53079 Base Document:1989 ANCHOR, NAVMOOR CAUSEWAY MOORING
    DIN EN 15689 E : 2010 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CROSSING COMPONENTS MADE OF CAST AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL
    API 16C RUSSIAN : 1993 SPECIFICATION FOR CHOKE AND KILL SYSTEMS
    ASTM E 1030 : 2005 : R2011 Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings
    MIL-STD-2175 Revision A:1993 CASTING, CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF
    MIL-STD-1689 Revision A:1990 FABRICATION, WELDING AND INSPECTION OF SHIPS STRUCTURE
    ENA TS 62-3 : ISSUE 1 1983 MAIN CIRCULATING WATER PUMP IMPELLER CASTINGS
    ESI 66-2 : ISSUE 2 2.25 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES
    07/30143650 DC : 0 BS ISO 4993 - STEEL AND IRON CASTINGS - RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION
    08/30132226 DC : DRAFT MAR 2008 BS ISO 13535 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - HOISTING EQUIPMENT
    API 14L : 2007 : R2012 SPECIFICATION FOR LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES
    BS ISO 4993:2015 Steel and iron castings. Radiographic testing
    I.S. EN 12681-1:2017 FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING - PART 1: FILM TECHNIQUES
    DEFSTAN 95-25/1(2000) : 2000 ARMOUR QUALITY STEEL CASTINGS
    ASTM E 1030/E1030M : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings
    ASTM E 689 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings
    ASTM E 1030 : 2005 Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings
    API 14L CHINESE : 2007 SPECIFICATION FOR LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES
    ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2014 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
    EN 12681-1:2017 Founding - Radiographic testing - Part 1: Film techniques
    EN 12681 : 2003 FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
    ASME B16.34 : 2017 VALVES - FLANGED, THREADED, AND WELDING END
    QQ-S-681 Revision F:1974 FEDERAL SPECIFICATION STEEL CASTINGS
    API 6A REDLINE : 2010 SPECIFICATION FOR WELLHEAD AND CHRISTMAS TREE EQUIPMENT
    MIL-STD-278 Revision F:1987 WELDING AND CASTING STANDARD
    I.S. EN 15689:2009 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CROSSING COMPONENTS MADE OF CAST AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL
    ENA TS 56-1 : ISSUE 2 1989 FERRITIC STEEL VALVE CASTING
    13/30252106 DC : 0 BS ISO 4993 - STEEL AND IRON CASTINGS - RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION
    ASTM A 872/A872M : 2014 : REDLINE Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe for Corrosive Environments
    MIL-T-17523 Revision D:1976 TURBINE, STEAM, AUXILIARY (AND REDUCTION GEAR) MECHANICAL DRIVE
    11/30249105 DC : 0 BS EN 12516-1 - INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS
    07/30165591 DC : 0 BS EN 15689 - RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CAST AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL FOR CROSSING COMPONENTS
    API 7NRV CHINESE : 2006 SPECIFICATION FOR DRILL STRING NON-RETURN VALVES
    ISO 10433:1994 Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and production equipment — Specification for wellhead surface safety valves and underwater safety valves for offshore service
    I.S. EN 12516-1:2014 INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS
    API 6AR : 1994 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR REPAIR AND REMANUFACTURE OF WELLHEAD AND CHRISTMAS TREE EQUIPMENT
    ASTM E 186 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412 in. (50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings
    ISO 13628-4:2010 Petroleum and natural gas industries — Design and operation of subsea production systems — Part 4: Subsea wellhead and tree equipment
    BS EN ISO 13535:2001 Petroleum and natural gas industries. Drilling and production equipment. Hoisting equipment Hoisting equipment
    I.S. EN ISO 10432:2005 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT
    I.S. EN ISO 16070:2006 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES
    ASME B31.1 : 2016 POWER PIPING
    ASME PV CODE 1 : 2017 BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE - RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF POWER BOILERS
    ASME PV CODE 8 DIV 2 : 2017 BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE - RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS DIVISION 2- ALTERNATIVE RULES
    ASME PV CODE 8 DIV 1 : 2017 BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE - RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS DIVISION 1
    BS 806:1993 Specification for design and construction of ferrous piping installations for and in connection with land boilers
    BS 806:1990 Specification for design and construction of ferrous piping installations for and in connection with land boilers
    ASME B31.3:2016 PROCESS PIPING
    MIL-STD-1688 Revision A:1990 FABRICATION, WELDING, AND INSPECTION OF HY-80/100 SUBMARINE APPLICATIONS
    BS EN 15689:2009 Railway applications. Track. Switches and crossings. Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel
    ESI 56-1 : ISSUE 2 FERRITIC STEEL VALVE CASTINGS
    ESI 66-1 : ISSUE 2 0.5 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES
    MIL-V-24439 Revision A:1984 VALVE, OXYGEN, HELIUM AND HELIUM OXYGEN MIXTURE, HIGH PRESSURE FOR GAS SERVICES
    ENA TS 66-3 : ISSUE 1 1989 CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES
    ISO 10432:2004 Petroleum and natural gas industries Downhole equipment Subsurface safety valve equipment
    ENA TS 66-1 : ISSUE 2 1989 0.5 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES
    00/714962 DC : DRAFT OCT 2000 PREN 12516-1 - INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOF STEEL VALVE SHELLS
    MIL-B-17397 Revision D:1983 BITTS, CLEATS, AND CHOCKS
    ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
    MIL-STD-1265 Revision A:1987 RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION, CLASSIFICATION AND SOUNDNESS REQUIREMENTS FOR STEEL CASTINGS
    ASTM A 356/A356M : 2011 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines
    API SPEC 14L : 2007 SPECIFICATION FOR LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES
    UNI EN 12516-1 : 2014 INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS
    DEFSTAN 95-25/2(2004) : 2004 ARMOUR QUALITY STEEL CASTINGS
    UNE-EN 15689:2011 Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel
    BS EN 12681-1:2017 Founding. Radiographic testing Film techniques
    ASTM E 446 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness
    API 19V : 2013 SUBSURFACE BARRIER VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT
    ASTM A 781/A781M : 2018-02 SPECIFICATION FOR CASTINGS, STEEL AND ALLOY, COMMON REQUIREMENTS, FOR GENERAL INDUSTRIAL USE
    ISO 4993:2015 Steel and iron castings — Radiographic testing
    DIN EN 12681:2003-06 FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
    BS EN ISO 14693:2003 Petroleum and natural gas industries. Drilling and well-servicing equipment
    EEMUA 176 : 1998 SPECIFICATION FOR STRUCTURAL CASTINGS FOR USE OFFSHORE
    API 7K : 2015+ERR 2:2016 DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT
    API 14D : 1994 SPECIFICATION FOR WELLHEAD SURFACE SAFETY VALVES AND UNDERWATER SAFETY VALVES FOR OFFSHORE SERVICE
    API 6RS : 1ED 90 SUPP 1 BULLETIN ON REFERENCED STANDARDS FOR COMMITTEE 6, STANDARDIZATION OF VALVES AND WELLHEAD EQUIPMENT
    EN ISO 10432:2004 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Downhole equipment - Subsurface safety valve equipment (ISO 10432:2004)
    UNI EN ISO 28781 : 2010 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE BARRIER VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT
    MSS SP 147 : 2014 QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS USED IN STANDARD CLASS STEEL VALVES - SAMPLING METHOD FOR EVALUATING CASTING QUALITY
    DIN EN 15689:2010-04 Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel
    API 8C : 2012 DRILLING AND PRODUCTION HOISTING EQUIPMENT (PSL 1 AND PSL 2)
    ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2018 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
    API 14A RUSSIAN : 2001 SPECIFICATION FOR SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT
    I.S. EN 12681:2003 FOUNDING - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
    06/30125909 DC : DRAFT OCT 2006 ISO 13628-4 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - PART 4: SUBSEA WELLHEAD AND TREE EQUIPMENT
    API 14A : 2015 SPECIFICATION FOR SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT
    ENA TS 66-2 : ISSUE 1 1989 2.25 CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES
    09/30154810 DC : 0 BS EN ISO 28781 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT
    04/30103964 DC : DRAFT MAY 2004 BS ISO 16070 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - LOCK MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES
    SAE AMS 2175 : 2010 CASTINGS, CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF
    API 20A : 2017 CARBON STEEL, ALLOY STEEL, STAINLESS STEEL, AND NICKEL BASE ALLOY CASTINGS FOR USE IN THE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY
    MIL-STD-453 Revision C:1984 INSPECTION, RADIOGRAPHIC
    API 6A : 2010 SPECIFICATION FOR WELLHEAD AND CHRISTMAS TREE EQUIPMENT
    API 17D REDLINE : 2011 DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - SUBSEA WELLHEAD AND TREE EQUIPMENT
    17/30244737 DC : 0 BS EN 17149 - RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - FATIGUE STRENGTH ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY VEHICLE STRUCTURES BASED ON CUMULATIVE DAMAGE
    BS EN 12516-1 : 2014 INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS
    EN 12516-1:2014 Industrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 1: Tabulation method for steel valve shells
    UNE-EN 12516-1:2016 Industrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 1: Tabulation method for steel valve shells
    ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2009 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
    API 7K CHINESE : 2010 DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT
    ASTM A 356/A356M : 2011 : R2016 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines
    EN ISO 13628-4:2010/AC:2011 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - PART 4: SUBSEA WELLHEAD AND TREE EQUIPMENT
    BS EN ISO 10432:2004 Petroleum and natural gas industries. Downhole equipment. Subsurface safety valve equipment
    ISO 16070:2005 Petroleum and natural gas industries Downhole equipment Lock mandrels and landing nipples
    BS EN ISO 16070:2005 Petroleum and natural gas industries. Downhole equipment. Lock mandrels and landing nipples
    ISO 13535:2000 Petroleum and natural gas industries Drilling and production equipment Hoisting equipment
    BS EN 12681:2003 Founding. Radiographic examination
    ISO 14693:2003 Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and well-servicing equipment
    EN ISO 14693:2003 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and well-servicing equipment (ISO 14693:2003)
    EN 15689:2009 Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Crossing components made of cast austenitic manganese steel
    EN ISO 13535:2000 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and production equipment - Hoisting equipment (ISO 13535:2000)
    EN ISO 16070:2005 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Downhole equipment - Lock mandrels and landing nipples (ISO 16070:2005)
    EN ISO 28781:2010 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and production equipment - Subsurface barrier valves and related equipment (ISO 28781:2010)
    BS EN ISO 28781:2010 Petroleum and natural gas industries. Drilling and production equipment. Subsurface barrier valves and related equipment
    API SPEC 16C : 2015 CHOKE AND KILL EQUIPMENT
    MIL-T-17600 Revision D:1968 TURBINE, STEAM, PROPULSION NAVAL SHIPBOARD
    API 16C CHINESE : 1993 SPECIFICATION FOR CHOKE AND KILL SYSTEMS
    ESI 62-3 : ISSUE 1 MAIN CIRCULATING WATER PUMP IMPELLER CASTINGS
    ESI 66-3 : ISSUE 1 CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FOR STEAM TURBINES
    MIL-HDBK-1265 Base Document:1998 RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION, CLASSIFICATION AND SOUNDNESS REQUIREMENTS FOR STEEL CASTINGS
    03/311760 DC : DRAFT JULY 2003 ISO 10432 - PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE EQUIPMENT
    ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
    I.S. EN ISO 28781:2010 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - DRILLING AND PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT - SUBSURFACE BARRIER VALVES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT
    BS 5998:1983 Specification for quality levels for steel valve castings
    MSS SP 54 : 2013 QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS FOR VALVES, FLANGES, FITTINGS, AND OTHER PIPING COMPONENTS - RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION METHOD
    API 7NRV : 2006 SPECIFICATION FOR DRILL STRING NON-RETURN VALVES
    API 7NRV : 2006 : R2012 SPECIFICATION FOR DRILL STRING NON-RETURN VALVES
    DIN EN 12516-1:2015-01 INDUSTRIAL VALVES - SHELL DESIGN STRENGTH - PART 1: TABULATION METHOD FOR STEEL VALVE SHELLS
    SAE AMS STD 2175 : 2003 CASTINGS, CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF
    ASTM A 395/A395M : 1999 : R2004 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
    UNI EN 15689 : 2010 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - TRACK - SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS - CROSSING COMPONENTS MADE OF CAST AUSTENIC MANGANESE STEEL
    API 7K : 2015 DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT
    API 7K REDLINE : 2010 DRILLING AND WELL SERVICING EQUIPMENT
    BS EN ISO 13628-4:1999 Petroleum and natural gas industries. Design and operation of subsea production systems Subsea wellhead and tree equipment
    ISO 28781:2010 Petroleum and natural gas industries Drilling and production equipment Subsurface barrier valves and related equipment
    ASME B31.3 SPANISH : 2010 PROCESS PIPING

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    ASTM E 446 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness
    ASTM E 186 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412 in. (50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings
    ASTM E 242 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Reference Radiographs for Appearances of Radiographic Images as Certain Parameters are Changed
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