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ETSI TR 100 028-2 V1.4.1 (2001-12)

Current

Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Part 2

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Published date

01-12-2001

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Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 References
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
  3.1 Definitions
  3.2 Symbols
  3.3 Abbreviations
4 Receiver measurement examples
  4.1 Conducted
      4.1.1 Maximum usable sensitivity
             4.1.1.1 Maximum usable sensitivity for analogue
                     speech
             4.1.1.2 Maximum usable sensitivity for a bit
                     stream
             4.1.1.3 Maximum usable sensitivity for messages
      4.1.2 Co-channel rejection
             4.1.2.1 Co-channel rejection for analogue speech
             4.1.2.2 Co-channel rejection for bit stream
             4.1.2.3 Co-channel rejection for messages
      4.1.3 Adjacent channel selectivity
             4.1.3.1 Adjacent channel selectivity for analogue
                     speech
             4.1.3.2 Adjacent channel selectivity for bit
                     streams
             4.1.3.3 Adjacent channel selectivity for messages
      4.1.4 Spurious response immunity
             4.1.4.1 Spurious response immunity measurements
                     for analogue speech
             4.1.4.2 Spurious response immunity measurements
                     for bit stream
             4.1.4.3 Spurious response immunity measurements
                     for messages
      4.1.5 Intermodulation immunity
             4.1.5.1 Intermodulation immunity (analogue
                     speech)
             4.1.5.2 Intermodulation immunity (bit stream)
             4.1.5.3 Intermodulation immunity (messages)
      4.1.6 Blocking immunity or desensitization
             4.1.6.1 Blocking immunity or desensitization for
                     analogue speech
             4.1.6.2 Blocking immunity or desensitization for
                     bit streams
             4.1.6.3 Blocking immunity or desensitization for
                     messages
      4.1.7 Conducted spurious emissions
      4.1.8 Amplitude characteristic for analogue speech
      4.1.9 Audio frequency response for analogue speech
      4.1.10 Harmonic distortion for analogue speech
      4.1.11 Hum and noise for analogue speech
      4.1.12 Multi-path sensitivity
      4.1.13 Bit error ratio
      4.1.14 Opening delay for data
  4.2 Radiated
      4.2.1 Sensitivity tests (30 MHz to 1 000 MHz)
            4.2.1.1 Anechoic Chamber
            4.2.1.2 Anechoic Chamber with a ground plane
            4.2.1.3 Open Area Test Site
            4.2.1.4 Striplines
            4.2.1.5 Test Fixture
            4.2.1.6 Salty Man/Salty lite
      4.2.2 Co-channel rejection
            4.2.2.1 Test fixture
      4.2.3 Adjacent channel selectivity
            4.2.3.1 Test fixture
      4.2.4 Intermodulation immunity
            4.2.4.1 Test fixture
      4.2.5 Blocking immunity or degradation
            4.2.5.1 Test fixture
      4.2.6 Spurious response immunity to radiated fields
            4.2.6.1 Anechoic chamber
Annex A: Uncertainty contributions
Annex B: Maximum accumulated measurement uncertainty
Annex C: Interpretation of the measurement results
Annex D: Theoretical support for the evaluation of
         measurement uncertainties, including mathematical
         tools and properties of distributions
      D.1 Probability densities and some of their properties
          D.1.1 Introduction
          D.1.2 Definitions
          D.1.3 Means and standard deviations of usual
                distributions
      D.2 Uncertainties and probability densities
          D.2.1 Examples of very simple systems and
                corresponding naïve (direct) analysis
          D.2.2 Modelling instruments
          D.2.3 Comparison with worst case methods
          D.2.4 Independent or not ...that is the question!
      D.3 Combination of distributions
          D.3.1 Addition of a constant to a random variable
          D 3.2 Multiplication of a random variable by a
                 constant factor
          D.3.3 Sums (additions) of random variables
          D.3.4 Linear combinations of random variables
          D.3.5 Subtraction of random variables
          D.3.6 Multiplication of random variables
          D.3.7 Inversions and divisions
          D.3.8 Using Logs and dBs
          D.3.9 Combination using deterministic functions of
                 one variable
          D.3.10 Further theoretical material and reciprocals
          D.3.11 Combinations using deterministic functions
                 of two variables
          D.3.12 Combination of distributions - Summary table
      D.4 Influence quantities
          D.4.1 Theoretical approach
          D.4.2 Examples
      D.5 Global approaches
          D.5.1 Using directly the random variables in a
                measurement
          D.5.2 Using random variables together with
                differentiation in a measurement
          D.5.3 Examples of application to particular cases
          D.5.4 Empirical approach to find a model of the
                system
          D.5.5 Splitting into sub-systems
          D.5.6 Presentation and interpretation of results
                obtained (outputs)
          D.5.7 Summary
      D.6 Conclusions
Annex E: Mathematical transforms
      E.1 Principles of derivation of formulas when
          transforming from log to linear
          E.1.1 A rectangular distribution in logarithmic
                terms converted to linear terms
          E.1.2 A triangular distribution in logarithmic
                terms converted to linear terms
          E.1.3 A rectangular distribution in linear terms
                converted to logarithmic terms
      E.2 Conversion factors
Annex F: Influence quantity dependency functions
Annex G: Mismatch uncertainties
      G.1 Introduction
          G.1.1 Cascading networks
          G.1.2 Mismatch uncertainty calculations
      G.2 General approach
      G.3 Networks comprising power combiners/splitters
Annex H: Bibliography
History

Gives a method to be applied to all the applicable standards and (E)TRs, and supports TR 100 027 [11].

DocumentType
Technical Report
Pages
285
PublisherName
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
Status
Current

NF EN 300676-1 : 2010 GROUND-BASED VHF HAND-HELD, MOBILE AND FIXED RADIOTRANSMITTERS, RECEIVERS AND TRANSCEIVERS FOR THE VHF AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE USING AMPLITUDE MODULATION - PART 1: TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT
NF EN 302498-1 : 2011 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - SHORT RANGE DEVICES (SRD) - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR SRD EQUIPMENT USING ULTRA WIDEBAND TECHNOLOGY (UWB) - OBJECT DISCRIMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION APPLICATIONS FOR POWER TOOL DEVICES OPERATING IN THE FREQUENCY BAND FROM 2,2 GHZ TO 8,5 GHZ - PART 1: TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TEST METHODS
09/30201391 DC : 0 BS EN 55016-4-2 ED.2 - SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS - PART 4-2: UNCERTAINTIES, STATISTICS AND LIMIT MODELLING - MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTATION UNCERTAINTY
NF EN 300373-2 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - MARITIME MOBILE TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS FOR USE IN THE MF AND HF BANDS - PART 2: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
IEC TR 61000-1-6:2012 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 1-6: General - Guide to the assessment of measurement uncertainty
NF EN 302623 : 2010 BROADBAND WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEMS (BWA) IN THE 3400 MHZ TO 3800 MHZ FREQUENCY BAND - MOBILE TERMINAL STATIONS - HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302998-1 : 2011 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT FOR TERRESTRIAL MOBILE TV TO PROVIDE MULTIMEDIA MULTICAST SERVICE - PART 1: HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE, COMMON REQUIREMENTS (V1.1.1)
ETSI TR 102 273-4 V1.2.1 (2001-12) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 4: Open area test site
NF EN 300373-3 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - MARITIME MOBILE TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS FOR USE IN THE MF AND HF BANDS - PART 3: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER ARTICLE 3.3(E) OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE - EQUIPMENT WITH INTEGRATED OR ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT FOR CLASS E DIGITAL SELECTIVE CALLING (DSC)
NF EN 300113-2 : 2012 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - LAND MOBILE SERVICE - RADIO EQUIPMENT INTENDED FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF DATA (AND/OR SPEECH) USING CONSTANT OR NON-CONSTANT ENVELOPE MODULATION AND HAVING AN ANTENNA CONNECTOR - PART 2: HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302609 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - SHORT RANGE DEVICES (SRD) - RADIO EQUIPMENT FOR EUROLOOP RAILWAY SYSTEMS - HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302574-2 : 2010 SATELLITE EARTH STATIONS AND SYSTEMS (SES) - HARMONIZED STANDARD FOR SATELLITE EARTH STATIONS FOR MSS OPERATING IN THE 1980 MHZ TO 2010 MHZ (EARTH-TO-SPACE) AND 2170 MHZ TO 2200 MHZ (SPACE TO-EARTH) FREQUENCY BANDS - PART 2: USER EQUIPMENT (UE) FOR WIDEBAND SYSTEMS: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302264-1 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - SHORT RANGE DEVICES - ROAD TRANSPORT AND TRAFFIC TELEMATICS (RTTT) - SHORT RANGE RADAR EQUIPMENT OPERATING IN THE 77 GHZ TO 81 GHZ BAND - PART 1: TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT
NF EN 302625 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - 5 GHZ BROADBAND DISASTER RELIEF APPLICATIONS (BBDR) - HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
ETSI EN 303 413 V1.1.1 (2017-06) Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers; Radio equipment operating in the 1 164 MHz to 1 300 MHz and 1 559 MHz to 1 610 MHz frequency bands; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU
NF EN 300698-1 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - RADIO TELEPHONE TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS FOR THE MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE OPERATING IN THE VHF BANDS USED ON INLAND WATERWAYS - PART 1: TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT
ETSI EN 302 054 V2.2.1 (2018-02) Meteorological Aids (Met Aids); Radiosondes to be used in the 400,15 MHz to 406 MHz frequency range with power levels ranging up to 200 mW; Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum
PD IEC/TR 61000-1-6:2012 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) General. Guide to the assessment of measurement uncertainty
ETSI TR 102 273-1-1 V1.2.1 (2001-12) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the corresponding measurement uncertainties Part 1: Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Sub-part 1: Introduction
NF EN 302544-1 : AUG 2010 BROADBAND DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS OPERATING IN THE 2500 MHZ TO 2690 MHZ FREQUENCY BAND - PART 1: TDD BASE STATIONS - HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
ETSI EN 301 893 V1.8.1 (2015-03) Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN); 5 GHz high performance RLAN; Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
NF EN 300065-3 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - NARROW-BAND DIRECT-PRINTING TELEGRAPH EQUIPMENT FOR RECEIVING METEOROLOGICAL OR NAVIGATIONAL INFORMATION (NAVTEX) - PART 3: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.3(E) OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 300698-2 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - RADIO TELEPHONE TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS FOR THE MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE OPERATING IN THE VHF BANDS USED ON INLAND WATERWAYS - PART 2: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302544-2 : 2010 BROADBAND DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS OPERATING IN THE 2 500 MHZ TO 2690 MHZ FREQUENCY BAND - PART 2: TDD USER EQUIPMENT STATIONS - HARMONIZED EN COVERING THE ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302574-3 : 2010 SATELLITE EARTH STATIONS AND SYSTEMS (SES) - HARMONIZED STANDARD FOR SATELLITE EARTH STATIONS FOR MSS OPERATING IN THE 1980 MHZ TO 2010 MHZ (EARTH-TO-SPACE) AND 2170 MHZ TO 2200 MHZ (SPACE-TO-EARTH) FREQUENCY BANDS - PART 3: USER EQUIPMENT (UE) FOR NARROWBAND SYSTEMS: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 301166-2 : 2012 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - LAND MOBILE SERVICE - RADIO EQUIPMENT FOR ANALOGUE AND/OR DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (SPEECH AND/OR DATA) AND OPERATING ON NARROW BAND CHANNELS AND HAVING AN ANTENNA CONNECTOR - PART 2: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.2 OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
NF EN 302500-1 : 2011 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - SHORT RANGE DEVICES (SRD) USING ULTRA WIDEBAND (UWB) TECHNOLOGY - LOCATION TRACKING EQUIPMENT OPERATING IN THE FREQUENCY RANGE FROM 6 GHZ TO 9 GHZ - PART 1: TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT
NF EN 301839-1 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - SHORT RANGE DEVICES (SRD) - ULTRA LOW POWER ACTIVE MEDICAL IMPLANTS (ULP-AMI) AND PERIPHERALS (ULP-AMI-P) OPERATING IN THE FREQUENCY RANGE 402 MHZ TO 405 MHZ - PART 1: TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TEST METHODS
NF EN 300698-3 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - RADIO TELEPHONE TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS FOR THE MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE OPERATING IN THE VHF BANDS USED ON INLAND WATERWAYS - PART 3: HARMONIZED EN COVERING ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 3.3 (E) OF THE R&TTE DIRECTIVE
IEEE/ANSI C63.26-2015 IEEE/ANSI Standard for Compliance Testing of Transmitters Used in Licensed Radio Services
NF EN 302617-1 : 2010 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY AND RADIO SPECTRUM MATTERS (ERM) - GROUND-BASED UHF RADIO TRANSMITTERS, RECEIVERS AND TRANSCEIVERS FOR THE UHF AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE USING AMPLITUDE MODULATION - PART 1: TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT
ETSI TR 100 028-1 V1.4.1 (2001-12) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Part 1
ETSI EN 300 328-1 V1.3.1 (2001-12) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Wideband Transmission systems; Data transmission equipment operating in the 2,4 GHz ISM band and using spread spectrum modulation techniques; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test conditions
ETSI EN 302 510-2 V1.1.1 (2007-07) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radio equipment in the frequency range 30 MHz to 37,5 MHz for Ultra Low Power Active Medical Membrane Implants and Accessories; Part 2: Harmonized EN covering essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
ETSI EN 300 086 V2.1.2 (2016-08) Land Mobile Service; Radio equipment with an internal or external RF connector intended primarily for analogue speech; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the Directive 2014/53/EU
ETSI EN 302 510 V2.1.1 (2017-01) Short Range Devices (SRD); Ultra Low Power Active Medical Membrane Implants (ULP-AMI-M) and Peripherals (ULP-AMI-M-P) operating in the frequency range 30 MHz to 37,5 MHz; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the Directive 2014/53/EU
ETSI EN 301 839-1 V1.3.1 (2009-10) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Ultra Low Power Active Medical Implants (ULP-AMI) and Peripherals (ULP-AMI-P) operating in the frequency range 402 MHz to 405 MHz; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods
ETSI EN 300 113 V2.2.1 (2016-12) Land Mobile Service; Radio equipment intended for the transmission of data (and/or speech) using constant or non-constant envelope modulation and having an antenna connector; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the Directive 2014/53/EU
ETSI EN 300 328 V2.1.1 (2016-11) Wideband transmission systems; Data transmission equipment operating in the 2,4 GHz ISM band and using wide band modulation techniques; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU
ETSI EN 302 208 V3.1.1 (2016-11) Radio Frequency Identification Equipment operating in the band 865 MHz to 868 MHz with power levels up to 2 W and in the band 915 MHz to 921 MHz with power levels up to 4 W; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the Directive 2014/53/EU

ETSI TR 100 028-1 V1.4.1 (2001-12) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Part 1
EN 55020:2007/A12:2016 SOUND AND TELEVISION BROADCAST RECEIVERS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT - IMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS - LIMITS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT (CISPR 20:2006)

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