ASTM D 117 : 2022
Current
The latest, up-to-date edition.
Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
Hardcopy , PDF
English
13-06-2022
Committee |
D 27
|
DocumentType |
Guide
|
Pages |
16
|
PublisherName |
American Society for Testing and Materials
|
Status |
Current
|
Supersedes |
1.1This guide describes methods of testing and specifications for electrical insulating liquids intended for use in electrical cables, transformers, liquid-filled circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus where the liquids are used as insulating, or heat transfer media, or both.
1.2The purpose of this guide is to outline the applicability of the available test methods. Where more than one is available for measuring a given property, their relative advantages are described, along with an indication of laboratory convenience, precision, (95 % confidence limits), and applicability to specific types of electrical insulating liquids.
1.3This guide is classified into the following categories: Sampling Practices, Physical Tests, Electrical Tests, Chemical Tests, and Specifications. Within each test category, the test methods are listed alphabetically by property measured. A list of standards follows:
Category | Section | ASTM Standard |
Sampling: | 3 | D923 |
Physical Tests: | ||
Aniline Point | 4 | D611 |
Coefficient of Thermal Ex- | 5 | D1903 |
Color | 6 | D1500 |
Examination: Visual Infrared | 7 | D1524, D2144, D2129 |
Flash and Fire Point | 8 | D92 |
Interfacial Tension | 9 | D971 |
Pour Point of Petroleum | 10 | D97, D5949, D5950 |
Particle Count in Mineral | 11 | D6786 |
Refractive Index and Specific | 12 | D1218 |
Relative Density (Specific | 13 | D287, D1217, D1298, D1481, D4052 |
Specific Heat | 14 | D2766 |
Thermal Conductivity | 15 | D2717 |
Viscosity | 16 | D445, D2161, D7042 |
Electrical Tests: | ||
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage | 17 | D877, D1816, D3300 |
Dissipation Factor and Rela- | 18 | D924 |
Gassing Characteristic | 19 | D7150 |
Gassing Tendency | 20 | D2300 |
Resistivity | 21 | D1169 |
Chemical Tests: | ||
Acidity, Approximate | 22 | D1534 |
Carbon-Type Composition | 23 | D2140 |
Compatibility with Construc- | 24 | D3455 |
Copper Content | 25 | D3635 |
Elements by Inductively | 26 | D7151 |
Furanic Compounds in | 27 | D5837 |
Dissolved Gas Analysis | 28 | D3612 |
Gas Content of Cable and | 29 | D831, D1827, D2945 |
Neutralization (Acid and | 30 | D664, D974 |
Oxidation Inhibitor Content | 31 | D2668, D4768 |
Oxidation Stability | 32 | D1934, D2112, D2440 |
Polychlorinated Biphenyl | 33 | D4059 |
Sulfur, Corrosive | 34 | D1275 |
Water Content | 35 | D1533 |
Specification: | ||
Mineral Insulating Liquid for | 36 | D3487 |
Less Flammable Electrical | 37 | D5222 |
Silicone Fluid used for Electrical | 38 | D4652 |
Natural (Vegetable Oil) Ester | 39 | D6871 |
1.4The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D 94 : 2007 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 3487 : 2016 : EDT 1 | Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus |
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 974 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 5222 : 2016 | Standard Specification for High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils |
ASTM D 6871 : 2017 | Standard Specification for Natural (Vegetable Oil) Ester Fluids Used in Electrical Apparatus |
ASTM D 2413 : 2016 : R2022 | Standard Practice for Preparation of Insulating Paper and Board Impregnated with a Liquid Dielectric |
ASTM D 1500 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale) |
ASTM D 974 : 2014 : EDT 2 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 664 : 2018 : EDT 2 | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 1524 : 2015 : R2022 | Standard Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating Liquids in the Field |
ASTM D 923 : 2015 : R2023 | Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 5837 : 2015 : R2023 | Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) |
ASTM D 664 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 7151 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Elements in Insulating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) |
ASTM D 1481 : 2017 | Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer (Withdrawn 2023) |
ASTM D 92 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester |
ASTM D 4052 : 2018 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter |
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method |
ASTM D 5222 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Less Flammable High Molecular Weight Hydrocarbon Mineral Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 5837 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) |
ASTM D 92 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester |
ASTM D 924 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 974 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method |
ASTM D 664 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 2112 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel |
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 2 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 974 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration |
ASTM D 1218 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids |
ASTM D 445 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 923 : 2015 | Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 924 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 287 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer/Method) |
ASTM D 5950 : 2014 : R2020 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Tilt Method) |
ASTM D 2140 : 2008 : R2017 | Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin |
ASTM D 1275 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 7042 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 5949 : 2016 : R2022 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method) |
ASTM D 7151 : 2015 : R2023 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Elements in Insulating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) |
ASTM D 1500 : 2012 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale) |
ASTM D 611 : 2012 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents |
ASTM D 6786 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Particle Count in Mineral Insulating Oil Using Automatic Optical Particle Counters |
ASTM D 5949 : 2016 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method) |
ASTM D 445 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 2140 : 2024 | Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin |
ASTM D 611 : 2023 | Standard Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents |
ASTM D 287 : 2012 : REV B | Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method) |
ASTM D 3487 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Liquid Used in Electrical Apparatus |
ASTM D 445 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 1218 : 2012 : R2016 | Standard Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids |
ASTM D 1524 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating Liquids in the Field |
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B : R2022 | Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 664 : 2011 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration |
ASTM D 2140 : 2023 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin |
ASTM D 445 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 445 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 4052 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter |
ASTM D 445 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 6786 : 2015 : R2023 | Standard Test Method for Particle Count in Mineral Insulating Oil Using Automatic Optical Particle Counters |
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 1275 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Liquids |
ASTM D 2140 : 2023 | Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin |
ASTM D 4059 : 2000 : R2018 | Standard Test Method for Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Insulating Liquids by Gas Chromatography |
ASTM D 2112 : 2015 : R2023 | Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel |
ASTM D 445 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) |
ASTM D 287 : 2012 : REV B : R2019 | Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method) |
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