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ASTM D 117 : 2022

Current

Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Language(s)

English

Published date

13-06-2022

€61.92
Excluding VAT

Committee
D 27
DocumentType
Guide
Pages
16
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Current
Supersedes

1.1This guide describes methods of testing and specifications for electrical insulating liquids intended for use in electrical cables, transformers, liquid-filled circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus where the liquids are used as insulating, or heat transfer media, or both.

1.2The purpose of this guide is to outline the applicability of the available test methods. Where more than one is available for measuring a given property, their relative advantages are described, along with an indication of laboratory convenience, precision, (95 % confidence limits), and applicability to specific types of electrical insulating liquids.

1.3This guide is classified into the following categories: Sampling Practices, Physical Tests, Electrical Tests, Chemical Tests, and Specifications. Within each test category, the test methods are listed alphabetically by property measured. A list of standards follows:

Category

Section

ASTM Standard

Sampling:

3

D923

Physical Tests:

 Aniline Point

4

D611

 Coefficient of Thermal Ex-
  pansion

5

D1903

 Color

6

D1500

 Examination: Visual Infrared

7

D1524, D2144, D2129

 Flash and Fire Point

8

D92

 Interfacial Tension

9

D971

 Pour Point of Petroleum
  Products

10

D97, D5949, D5950

 Particle Count in Mineral
  Insulating Oil

11

D6786

 Refractive Index and Specific
  Optical Dispersion

12

D1218

 Relative Density (Specific
  Gravity)

13

D287, D1217, D1298, D1481, D4052

 Specific Heat

14

D2766

 Thermal Conductivity

15

D2717

 Viscosity

16

D445, D2161, D7042

Electrical Tests:

 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage

17

D877, D1816, D3300

 Dissipation Factor and Rela-
  tive Permittivity (Dielectric
   Constant)

18

D924

Gassing Characteristic
  Under Thermal Stress

19

D7150

 Gassing Tendency

20

D2300

 Resistivity

21

D1169

Chemical Tests:

 Acidity, Approximate

22

D1534

 Carbon-Type Composition

23

D2140

 Compatibility with Construc-
  tion Material

24

D3455

 Copper Content

25

D3635

 Elements by Inductively
  Coupled Plasma (ICP-AES)

26

D7151

 Furanic Compounds in
  Electrical Insulating Liquids

27

D5837

 Dissolved Gas Analysis

28

D3612

 Gas Content of Cable and
  Capacitor Liquids

29

D831, D1827, D2945

 Neutralization (Acid and
  Base) Numbers

30

D664, D974

 Oxidation Inhibitor Content

31

D2668, D4768

 Oxidation Stability

32

D1934, D2112, D2440

 Polychlorinated Biphenyl
  Content (PCB)

33

D4059

 Sulfur, Corrosive

34

D1275

 Water Content

35

D1533

Specification:

 Mineral Insulating Liquid for
  Electrical Apparatus

36

D3487

 Less Flammable Electrical
  Insulating Liquids

37

D5222

 Silicone Fluid used for Electrical
  Insulation

38

D4652

 Natural (Vegetable Oil) Ester
   Fluids used in Electrical
  Apparatus

39

D6871

1.4The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.

1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D 94 : 2007 : R2017 Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Petroleum Products
ASTM D 3487 : 2016 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
ASTM D 974 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 5222 : 2016 Standard Specification for High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils
ASTM D 6871 : 2017 Standard Specification for Natural (Vegetable Oil) Ester Fluids Used in Electrical Apparatus
ASTM D 2413 : 2016 : R2022 Standard Practice for Preparation of Insulating Paper and Board Impregnated with a Liquid Dielectric

ASTM D 1500 : 2024 Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
ASTM D 974 : 2014 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 664 : 2018 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 1524 : 2015 : R2022 Standard Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating Liquids in the Field
ASTM D 923 : 2015 : R2023 Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 5837 : 2015 : R2023 Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
ASTM D 664 : 2017 : REV A Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 7151 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Determination of Elements in Insulating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
ASTM D 1481 : 2017 Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer (Withdrawn 2023)
ASTM D 92 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
ASTM D 4052 : 2018 : REV A Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
ASTM D 5222 : 2023 Standard Specification for Less Flammable High Molecular Weight Hydrocarbon Mineral Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 5837 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
ASTM D 92 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
ASTM D 924 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 974 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
ASTM D 664 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 2112 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 974 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 1218 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids
ASTM D 445 : 2017 : REV A Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 923 : 2015 Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 924 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 287 : 2022 Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer/Method)
ASTM D 5950 : 2014 : R2020 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Tilt Method)
ASTM D 2140 : 2008 : R2017 Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
ASTM D 1275 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 7042 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
ASTM D 5949 : 2016 : R2022 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)
ASTM D 7151 : 2015 : R2023 Standard Test Method for Determination of Elements in Insulating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
ASTM D 1500 : 2012 : R2017 Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
ASTM D 611 : 2012 : R2016 Standard Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
ASTM D 6786 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Particle Count in Mineral Insulating Oil Using Automatic Optical Particle Counters
ASTM D 5949 : 2016 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)
ASTM D 445 : 2019 : REV A Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
ASTM D 2140 : 2024 Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
ASTM D 611 : 2023 Standard Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
ASTM D 287 : 2012 : REV B Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
ASTM D 3487 : 2024 Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Liquid Used in Electrical Apparatus
ASTM D 445 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 1218 : 2012 : R2016 Standard Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids
ASTM D 1524 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating Liquids in the Field
ASTM D 97 : 2017 : REV B : R2022 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
ASTM D 664 : 2011 : REV A Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 2140 : 2023 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
ASTM D 445 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 445 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 4052 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
ASTM D 445 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 6786 : 2015 : R2023 Standard Test Method for Particle Count in Mineral Insulating Oil Using Automatic Optical Particle Counters
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 1275 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 2140 : 2023 Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
ASTM D 4059 : 2000 : R2018 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Insulating Liquids by Gas Chromatography
ASTM D 2112 : 2015 : R2023 Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel
ASTM D 445 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 287 : 2012 : REV B : R2019 Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)

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