ASTM D 4294 : 2021
Superseded
A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
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Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Hardcopy , PDF
19-12-2024
English
01-12-2021
Committee |
D 02
|
DocumentType |
Test Method
|
Pages |
9
|
PublisherName |
American Society for Testing and Materials
|
Status |
Superseded
|
SupersededBy | |
Supersedes |
1.1This test method covers the determination of total sulfur in petroleum and petroleum products that are single-phase and either liquid at ambient conditions, liquefiable with moderate heat, or soluble in hydrocarbon solvents. These materials can include diesel fuel, jet fuel, kerosine, other distillate oil, naphtha, residual oil, lubricating base oil, hydraulic oil, crude oil, unleaded gasoline, gasoline-ethanol blends, biodiesel (see Note 2), and similar petroleum products.
Note 1:Oxygenated fuels with ethanol or methanol contents exceeding the limits given in Table 1 can be dealt with using this test method, but the precision and bias statements do not apply (see Appendix X3).
Note 2:For samples with high oxygen contents (>3 % by weight) sample dilution as described in 1.3 or matrix matching must be performed to assure accurate results.
1.2Interlaboratory studies on precision revealed the scope to be 17 mg/kg to 4.6 % by mass. An estimate of this test method’s pooled limit of quantitation (PLOQ) is 16.0 mg/kg as calculated by the procedures in Practice D6259. However, because instrumentation covered by this test method can vary in sensitivity, the applicability of the test method at sulfur concentrations below approximately 20 mg/kg must be determined on an individual basis. An estimate of the limit of detection is three times the reproducibility standard deviation, and an estimate of the limit of quantitation2 is ten times the reproducibility standard deviation.
1.3Samples containing more than 4.6 % by mass sulfur can be diluted to bring the sulfur concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method. Samples that are diluted can have higher errors than indicated in Section 17 than non-diluted samples.
1.4Volatile samples (such as high vapor pressure gasolines or light hydrocarbons) may not meet the stated precision because of selective loss of light materials during the analysis.
1.5A fundamental assumption in this test method is that the standard and sample matrices are well matched, or that the matrix differences are accounted for (see 6.2). Matrix mismatch can be caused by C/H ratio differences between samples and standards (see Section 6) or by the presence of other heteroatoms.
1.6The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ASTM D 4868 : 2017 | Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Burner and Diesel Fuels |
ASTM D 2622 : 2016 | Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry |
ASTM D 4529 : 2017 | Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels |
ASTM D 2880 : 2020 | Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils |
ASTM D 3338/D3338M : 2020 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels |
ASTM D 240 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter |
ASTM D 4057 : 2019 | Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 6448 : 2016 | Standard Specification for Industrial Burner Fuels from Used Lubricating Oils |
ASTM D 6618 : 2016 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine |
ASTM D 7549 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure |
ASTM D 7223 : 2021 | Standard Specification for Aviation Certification Turbine Fuel |
ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV C | Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels |
ASTM D 6823 : 2008 : R2021 | Standard Specification for Commercial Boiler Fuels With Used Lubricating Oils |
ASTM D 7826 : 2021 | Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives |
ASTM D 2622 : 2021 | Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry |
ASTM D 8256 : 2024 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in the Sequence VH Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions |
ASTM D 3238 : 2022 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Calculation of Carbon Distribution and Structural Group Analysis of Petroleum Oils by the n-d-M Method |
ASTM D 7422 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine |
ASTM D 7826 : 2024 | Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives |
ASTM D 6074 : 2015 : R2022 | Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils |
ASTM D 6227 : 2024 : REV A | Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component |
ASTM F 3337 : 2023 | Standard Guide for Taking Property and Behavior Measurements on Weathered Fractions of Oil |
ASTM D 7566 : 2024 : REV D | Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons |
ASTM D 1655 : 2024 : REV B | Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels |
ASTM D 7468 : 2022 | Standard Test Method for Cummins ISM Test |
ASTM D 6823 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Commercial Boiler Fuels With Used Lubricating Oils |
ASTM D 6448 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Industrial Burner Fuels from Used Lubricating Oils |
ASTM D 6709 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine) |
ASTM D 7467 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20) |
ASTM D 8252 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Vanadium and Nickel in Crude and Residual Oil by X-ray Spectrometry |
ASTM D 2880 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils |
ASTM D 7547 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline |
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ASTM D 7484 : 2023 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine |
ASTM D 7455 : 2024 | Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Petroleum and Lubricant Products for Elemental Analysis |
ASTM D 8048 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-13 Diesel Engine |
ASTM D 3699 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Kerosine |
ASTM D 8056 : 2024 | Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis of Crude Oil |
ASTM D 8074 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in DD13 Diesel Engine |
ASTM D 7156 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in the T-11 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine |
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ASTM D 975 : 2024 : REV A | Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel |
ASTM D 8434 : 2021 | Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Organo-metallic Additive |
ASTM D 4529 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels |
ASTM D 6618 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine |
ASTM D 7549 : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure |
ASTM D 6615 : 2022 | Standard Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine Fuel |
ASTM D 7544 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Pyrolysis Liquid Biofuel |
ASTM D 4057 : 2019 | Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM E 29 : 2013 : R2019 | Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications |
ASTM D 6299 : 2021 | Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 6299 : 2022 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance |
ASTM D 4175 : 2024 : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 6299 : 2023 : REV A | Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance |
ASTM D 4175 : 2020 : REV B : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 : REV A | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4175 : 2023 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 6299 : 2023 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 : REV A : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4177 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 6299 : 2023 | Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance |
ASTM D 6259 : 2015 : R2019 | Standard Practice for Determination of a Pooled Limit of Quantitation for a Test Method |
ASTM D 6259 : 2023 | Standard Practice for Determination of a Pooled Limit of Quantitation for a Test Method |
ASTM D 4175 : 2023 : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4175 : 2023 : REV A | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4175 : 2022 : EDT 1 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 6299 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance |
ASTM D 4057 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 4177 : 2020 | Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM D 4175 : 2024 | Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
ASTM D 4177 : 2022 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
ASTM E 29 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications |
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