IEC TR 62471-2:2009
Withdrawn
A Withdrawn Standard is one, which is removed from sale, and its unique number can no longer be used. The Standard can be withdrawn and not replaced, or it can be withdrawn and replaced by a Standard with a different number.
Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems - Part 2: Guidance on manufacturing requirements relating to non-laser optical radiation safety
Hardcopy , PDF , PDF 3 Users , PDF 5 Users , PDF 9 Users
07-07-2021
English
06-08-2009
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Risk groups applied for optical radiation safety
assessments
5 Guidelines for lamp and lamp system manufacturers
on how to apply IEC 62471
6 Allocation of safety measures
Annex A (informative) - Radiance and ocular hazards from
extended sources
Annex B (informative) - Determination of hazard distances
Annex C (informative) - Sources for general lighting service
(GLS)
Annex D (informative) - Lamps and lamp systems with
integrated, attached beam-shaping or projection
optics
Bibliography
IEC/TR 62471-2:2009(E) provides the basis for optical radiation safety requirements of non-laser products, serving as a guide for development of safety requirements in vertical product standards and assisting lamp system manufacturers in the interpretation of safety information provided by the lamp manufacturers. This report provides guidance on:
- requirements for optical radiation safety assessment;
- allocation of safety measures;
- labelling of products.
This technical report does not address safety requirements of intentional exposure to optical radiation from sun tanning equipment, ophthalmic instruments or other medical/cosmetic devices whose specific safety issues are addressed through appropriate standards.
DevelopmentNote |
Stability Date: 2017. (09/2017)
|
DocumentType |
Technical Report
|
Pages |
45
|
PublisherName |
International Electrotechnical Committee
|
Status |
Withdrawn
|
Standards | Relationship |
IS 16108 : Part 2 : 2018 | Identical |
VDE 0837-471 SUPP 1 : 2010 | Identical |
CEI 76-10 : 2011 | Identical |
NEN NPR IEC/TR 62471-2 : 2009 | Identical |
SAC GB/T 30117.2 : 2013 | Identical |
PD IEC/TR 62471-2:2009 | Identical |
AS/NZS IEC 62471.2:2012 | Identical |
DIN EN 62471 SUPP 1 : 2010 | Identical |
BIS IS 16108-2 : 2017 | Identical |
11/30257881 DC : 0 | BS EN 61195:1999/AMD 1 - DOUBLE-CAPPED FLUORESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
15/30325838 DC : 0 | BS EN 62943 ED. 1.0 - VISIBLE LIGHT BEACON SYSTEM FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS |
18/30356172 DC | BS EN 63109. Assessment of blue light hazard of light sources and luminaires |
BS EN 62368-1 : 2014 | AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
I.S. EN 61199:2011 | SINGLE-CAPPED FLUORESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
I.S. EN 62943:2017 | VISIBLE LIGHT BEACON SYSTEM FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS |
I.S. EN 61195:2003 | DOUBLE-CAPPED FLUORESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
I.S. EN 62841-1:2015 | ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD TOOLS, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
UNE-EN 60968:2015 | Self-ballasted fluorescent lamps for general lighting services - Safety requirements |
IEC 61010-2-120:2016 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 2-120: Particular safety requirements for machinery aspects of equipment |
CSA C22.2 No. 62368-1 : 2014 | AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
IEC 60432-2:1999+AMD1:2005+AMD2:2012 CSV | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 2: Tungsten halogen lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes |
EN 61010-2-012:2016 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - Part 2-012: Particular requirements for climatic and environmental testing and other temperature conditioning equipment |
EN 60968:2015 | Self-ballasted fluorescent lamps for general lighting services - Safety requirements |
EN 61199:2011/A2:2015 | SINGLE-CAPPED FLUORESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS (IEC 61199:2011/A2:2014) |
CEI EN 62841-1 : 2016 | ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD TOOLS, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
11/30187418 DC : 0 | BS ISO 12609-1 - EYEWEAR FOR PROTECTION AGAINST INTENSE LIGHT SOURCES USED ON HUMANS AND ANIMALS FOR COSMETIC AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - PART 1: SPECIFICATION FOR PRODUCTS |
CEI EN 62368-1 : 2016 | AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
NF EN 62841-1 : 2016 | ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD TOOLS, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
I.S. EN 61010-2-040:2015 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL, AND LABORATORY USE - PART 2-040: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR STERILIZERS AND WASHER-DISINFECTORS USED TO TREAT MEDICAL MATERIALS |
CSA C22.2 No. 61010-2-012 : 2017 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL AND LABORATORY USE - PART 2-012: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR CLIMATIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING AND OTHER TEMPERATURE CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT |
BS EN 61010-2-040:2015 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Particular requirements for sterilizers and washer-disinfectors used to treat medical materials |
I.S. EN 60432-1:2004 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 1 - TUNGSTEN FILAMENT LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES (IEC 60432-1:1999 (MOD)) |
I.S. EN 60432-3:2013 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 3: TUNGSTENHALOGEN LAMPS (NON-VEHICLE) (IEC 60432-3:2012 (EQV)) |
ISO 12609-1:2013 | Eyewear for protection against intense light sources used on humans and animals for cosmetic and medical applications Part 1: Specification for products |
CEI 34-141 : 2014 | APPLICATION OF IEC 62471 FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF BLUE LIGHT HAZARD TO LIGHT SOURCES AND LUMINAIRES |
UNI EN ISO 80601-2-61 : 2011 | MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - PART 2-61: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR BASIC SAFETY AND ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE OF PULSE OXIMETER EQUIPMENT |
BS EN 61195:2000 | Double-capped fluorescent lamps. Safety specifications |
BS EN 60432-1 : 2000 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 1: TUNGSTEN FILAMENT LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES |
I.S. EN 60432-2:2004 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 2: TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES (IEC 60432-2:1999 (MOD)) |
CEI EN 60432-3 : 2013 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 3: TUNGSTEN-HALOGEN LAMPS (NON-VEHICLE) |
BS EN 60432-3:2013 | Incandescent lamps. Safety specifications Tungsten-halogen lamps (non-vehicle) |
IEC 60598-1:2014+AMD1:2017 CSV | Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests |
CSA C22.2 No. 80601-2-61 : 2014(R2019) | MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - PART 2-61: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR BASIC SAFETY AND ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE OF PULSE OXIMETER EQUIPMENT |
BS EN ISO 80601-2-61:2011 | Medical electrical equipment Particular requirements for basic safety and essential performance of pulse oximeter equipment |
IEC 62943:2017 | Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications |
EN 61010-2-040:2015 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 2-040 Particular requirements for sterilizers and washer-disinfectors used to treat medical materials |
14/30311240 DC : 0 | BS EN 61010-1 ED 3 AMD 1 - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL, AND LABORATORY USE - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
IES HB 10 : 2011 | THE LIGHTING HANDBOOK |
17/30347375 DC : 0 | BS EN 62368-1 ED 3.0 - AUDIO/VIDEO; INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
11/30247491 DC : 0 | BS EN 60432-3:2000/AMD3 - INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 3: TUNGSTEN FILAMENT LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSE |
17/30357747 DC : DRAFT AUG 2017 | BS EN ISO 4007 - PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - EYE AND FACE PROTECTION - VOCABULARY |
BS EN 60968:2015 | Self-ballasted fluorescent lamps for general lighting services. Safety requirements |
IEC TR 62778:2014 | Application of IEC 62471 for the assessment of blue light hazard to light sources and luminaires |
PD IEC/TR 62778:2014 | Application of IEC 62471 for the assessment of blue light hazard to light sources and luminaires |
BS EN 62943:2017 | Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications |
12/30273415 DC : 0 | BS EN 60968 - SELF-BALLASTED FLUORESCENT LAMPS FOR GENERAL LIGHTING SERVICES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
I.S. EN 60968:2015 | SELF-BALLASTED FLUORESCENT LAMPS FOR GENERAL LIGHTING SERVICES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
BS EN 60598-1:2015 | Luminaires General requirements and tests |
EN ISO 80601-2-61:2011 | Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-61: Particular requirements for basic safety and essential performance of pulse oximeter equipment (ISO 80601-2-61:2011) |
IEC 62368-1:2014 | Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment - Part 1: Safety requirements |
UNE-EN 62841-1:2016 | Electric motor-operated hand-held tools, transportable tools and lawn and garden machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements |
12/30239867 DC : 0 | BS EN 62368-1 - AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
11/30247487 DC : 0 | BS EN 60432-2:2000/AMD2 - INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 2: TUNGSTEN-HALOGEN LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES |
13/30277819 DC : 0 | BS EN 62776 ED 1.0 - DOUBLE-CAPPED LED LAMPS FOR GENERAL LIGHTING SERVICES - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
14/30313143 DC : 0 | BS EN 62931 - GX16T-5 CAPPED TUBULAR LED LAMP - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
17/30352734 DC : 0 | BS EN 60947-5-2 - LOW-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 5-2: CONTROL CIRCUIT DEVICES AND SWITCHING ELEMENTS - PROXIMITY SWITCHES |
12/30258453 DC : 0 | BS EN 62368-1 AMD - AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS |
ASTM E 2501 : 2011 : R2017 | Standard Specification for Light Source Products for Inspection of Fluorescent Coatings |
BS EN 61010-2-012:2016 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Particular requirements for climatic and environmental testing and other temperature conditioning equipment |
NF EN 62841-2-9 : 2016 | ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD TOOLS, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 2-9: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR HAND-HELD TAPPERS AND THREADERS |
I.S. EN 60598-1:2015 | LUMINAIRES - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS |
I.S. EN 62532:2011 | FLUORESCENT INDUCTION LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
BS EN 60432-2 : 2000 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 2: TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES |
I.S. EN 61010-2-012:2016 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL AND LABORATORY USE - PART 2-012: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR CLIMATIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING AND OTHER TEMPERATURE CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT |
I.S. EN 62368-1:2014 | AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS (IEC 62368-1:2014, MODIFIED) |
CEI EN 61010-2-012 : 1ED 2017 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL AND LABORATORY USE - PART 2-012: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR CLIMATIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING AND OTHER TEMPERATURE CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT |
BS EN 61199 : 2011 | SINGLE-CAPPED FLUORESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
EN 62368-1:2014/AC:2017-03 | AUDIO/VIDEO, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT - PART 1: SAFETY REQUIREMENTS (IEC 62368-1:2014, MODIFIED) |
UNE-EN 60598-1:2015 | Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests |
IEC 60968:2015 | Self-ballasted fluorescent lamps for general lighting services - Safety requirements |
IEC 61199:2011+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2014 CSV | Single-capped fluorescent lamps - Safety specifications |
IEC TS 62850:2013 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - General requirements for equipment intended to be used in educational establishments by children |
IEC 62532:2011+AMD1:2016 CSV | Fluorescent induction lamps - Safety specifications |
IEC 60432-1:1999+AMD1:2005+AMD2:2011 CSV | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 1: Tungsten filament lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes |
IEC 61195:1999+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2014 CSV | Double-capped fluorescent lamps - Safety specifications |
IEC 61010-2-040:2015 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 2-040: Particular requirements for sterilizers and washer-disinfectors used to treat medical materials |
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 62841-1 : 2015 | ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD TOOLS, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
12/30266672 DC : 0 | BS EN 60598-1 ED 8.0 - LUMINAIRES - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS |
UNE-EN 62560:2013 | Self-ballasted LED-lamps for general lighting services by voltage > 50 V - Safety specifications |
BS EN 62841-1:2015 | Electric motor-operated hand-held tools, transportable tools and lawn and garden machinery. Safety General requirements |
I.S. EN ISO 80601-2-61:2011 | MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - PART 2-61: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR BASIC SAFETY AND ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE OF PULSE OXIMETER EQUIPMENT |
11/30247483 DC : 0 | BS EN 60432-1:2000/AMD2 - INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 1: TUNGSTEN FILAMENT LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES |
UNE-EN 61199:2012 | Single-capped fluorescent lamps - Safety specifications |
13/30279160 DC : 0 | BS EN 6101-2-0120 ED.1 - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL, LABORATORY USE - PART 2-0120: PARTICULAR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR MACHINERY |
BS ISO 12609-1:2013 | Eyewear for protection against intense light sources used on humans and animals for cosmetic and medical applications Specification for products |
12/30266915 DC : 0 | BS ISO 12609-1 - EYEWEAR FOR PROTECTION AGAINST INTENSE LIGHT SOURCES USED ON HUMANS AND ANIMALS FOR COSMETIC AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - PART 1: SPECIFICATION FOR PRODUCTS |
EN IEC 61010-2-120:2018 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 2-120: Particular safety requirements for machinery aspects of equipment |
EN 60598-1:2015/A1:2018 | LUMINAIRES - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS |
ASTM E 2501 :2011 | Standard Specification for Light Source Products for Inspection of Fluorescent Coatings |
IEEE 802.15.7-2011 | IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks--Part 15.7: Short-Range Wireless Optical Communication Using Visible Light |
I.S. EN IEC 61010-2-120:2018 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL, AND LABORATORY USE - PART 2-120: PARTICULAR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR MACHINERY ASPECTS OF EQUIPMENT |
CSA C22.2 No. 61010.2.040 : 2016 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR MEASUREMENT, CONTROL, AND LABORATORY USE - PART 2-040: PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR STERILIZERS AND WASHER-DISINFECTORS USED TO TREAT MEDICAL MATERIALS |
UNE-EN 60432-3:2013 | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 3: Tungsten-halogen lamps (non-vehicle) |
IEC 60432-3:2012 | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 3: Tungsten halogen lamps (non-vehicle) |
12/30272980 DC : 0 | BS EN 6XXXX-1 - ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
PD IEC/TS 62850:2013 | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. General requirements for equipment intended to be used in educational establishments by children |
IEC 61010-1:2010+AMD1:2016 CSV | Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements |
EN 62532:2011/A1:2017 | FLUORESCENT INDUCTION LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS |
EN 61195:1999/A2:2015 | DOUBLE-CAPPED FLUORESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS (IEC 61195:1999/A2:2014) |
EN 60432-2:2000/A2:2012 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 2: TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES |
EN 62841-1:2015/AC:2015 | ELECTRIC MOTOR-OPERATED HAND-HELD TOOLS, TRANSPORTABLE TOOLS AND LAWN AND GARDEN MACHINERY - SAFETY - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
EN 60432-1:2000/A2:2012 | INCANDESCENT LAMPS - SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS - PART 1 - TUNGSTEN FILAMENT LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC AND SIMILAR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES (IEC 60432-1:1999/A2:2011) |
EN 62943:2017 | Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications |
EN 60432-3:2013 | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 3: Tungsten-halogen lamps (non-vehicle) |
CSA E60598.1 : 2016 | LUMINAIRES - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS |
IEC 60432-1:1999+AMD1:2005+AMD2:2011 CSV | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 1: Tungsten filament lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes |
IES RP 27.1 : 2015 | RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY FOR LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
IEC 60050-845:1987 | International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 845: Lighting |
IES RP 27.3 : 2007 | PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY FOR LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS - RISK GROUP CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING |
AS 1337.0:2020 | Personal protective equipment Eye and face protection - Vocabulary |
IEC 61199:2011+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2014 CSV | Single-capped fluorescent lamps - Safety specifications |
IEC 62035:2014+AMD1:2016 CSV | Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) - Safety specifications |
IES RP 27.2 : 2000(R2017) | PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY FOR LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS - MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS - MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES |
ISO 15004-2:2007 | Ophthalmic instruments — Fundamental requirements and test methods — Part 2: Light hazard protection |
IEC 62471:2006 | Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems |
IEC 60432-2:1999+AMD1:2005+AMD2:2012 CSV | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 2: Tungsten halogen lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes |
IEC 60432-3:2012 | Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 3: Tungsten halogen lamps (non-vehicle) |
IEC 61195:1999+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2014 CSV | Double-capped fluorescent lamps - Safety specifications |
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