IEEE C57.91-2011 REDLINE
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IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Transformers and Step-Voltage Regulators
Available format(s)
Hardcopy , PDF
Withdrawn date
24-03-2022
Language(s)
English
Published date
07-03-2012
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1. Overview
2. Normative references
3. Definitions
4. Effect of loading beyond nameplate rating
5. Transformer insulation life
6. Ambient temperature and its influence on loading
7. Calculation of temperatures
8. Loading of distribution transformers and step-voltage
regulators
9. Loading of power transformers
Annex A (normative) - Thermal evolution of gas from
transformer insulation
Annex B (normative) - Effect of loading transformers above
nameplate rating on bushings, tap changers, and
auxiliary components
Annex C (informative) - Calculation methods for determining
ratings and selecting transformer size
Annex D (normative) - Philosophy of guide applicable to
transformers with 55 degrees C average winding rise
(65 degrees C hottest-spot rise) insulation systems
Annex E (normative) - Unusual temperature and altitude
conditions
Annex F (normative) - Cold-load pickup (CLPU)
Annex G (informative) - Alternate temperature calculation
method
Annex H (normative) - Operation with part or all of the
cooling out of service
Annex I (informative) - Transformer insulation life
This guide provides recommendations for loading mineral-oil-immersed transformers and step-voltage regulators with insulation systems rated for a 65 °C average winding temperature rise at rated load.
| Committee |
Transformers
|
| DevelopmentNote |
Supersedes IEEE DRAFT C57.91, IEEE C57.92 and IEEE C57.115. (08/2004)
|
| DocumentType |
Standard
|
| ISBN |
978-0-7381-7195-1
|
| Pages |
172
|
| PublisherName |
Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers
|
| Status |
Withdrawn
|
| Supersedes |
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| IEEE C57.105-1978 | IEEE Guide for Application of Transformer Connections in Three-Phase Distribution Systems |
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| IEEE 1653.3-2012 | IEEE Guide for Rail Transit Traction Power Systems Modeling |
| CEI 14-43 : 2011 | GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION, SPECIFICATION, AND TESTING OF PHASE-SHIFTING TRANSFORMERS |
| CEI EN 60076-14 : 2014 | POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 14: LIQUID-IMMERSED POWER TRANSFORMERS USING HIGH-TEMPERATURE INSULATION MATERIALS |
| IEEE DRAFT C57.12.40 : D4 2006 | SECONDARY NETWORK TRANSFORMERS, SUBWAY AND VAULT TYPES (LIQUID IMMERSED) |
| IEEE C57.12.38-2014 | IEEE Standard for Pad-Mounted-Type, Self-Cooled, Single-Phase Distribution Transformers 250 kVA and Smaller: High Voltage, 34 500 GrdY/19 920 V and Below; Low Voltage, 480/240 V and Below |
| IEEE C57.154-2012 | IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insulation Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures |
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| IEC TR 62874:2015 | Guidance on the interpretation of carbon dioxide and 2-furfuraldehyde as markers of paper thermal degradation in insulating mineral oil |
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| IEEE C37.48.1-2002 | IEEE Guide for the Operation, Classification, Application, and Coordination of Current-Limiting Fuses with Rated Voltages 1-38kV |
| EN 60076-2:2011 | Power transformers - Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers |
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| UNE-EN 60076-14:2014 | Power transformers - Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation materials |
| CSA C227.3 : 2006 | LOW-PROFILE, SINGLE-PHASE, PAD-MOUNTED DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS WITH SEPARABLE INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS |
| CSA C227.5 : 2008 : R2013 | THREE-PHASE LIVE-FRONT PAD-MOUNTED DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS |
| IEEE 1031-2011 | IEEE Guide for the Functional Specification of Transmission Static Var Compensators |
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| IEEE DRAFT C57.12.26 : 1992 | PAD-MOUNTED, COMPARTMENTAL-TYPE, SELF-COOLED, THREE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS FOR USE WITH SEPARABLE INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS, 34 500 GRDY/19 920 V AND BELOW; 2500 KVA AND SMALLER |
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| IEEE C57.15-2009 REDLINE | IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Step-Voltage Regulators |
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| IEEE C57.12.36-2007 | IEEE Standard Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution Substation Transformers |
| IEC 60076-21:2011 | Power transformers - Part 21: Standard requirements, terminology, and test code for step-voltage regulators |
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| IEEE C57.12.44-2014 | IEEE Standard Requirements for Secondary Network Protectors |
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| CAN/CSA-C227.3-06 (R2017) | Low-profile, single-phase, pad-mounted distribution transformers with separable insulated high-voltage connectors |
| CSA C2.2:2006 : R2011 | POLE-MOUNTED, SINGLE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS FOR ELECTRIC UTILITIES |
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