• IEEE 242 : 2001

    Withdrawn A Withdrawn Standard is one, which is removed from sale, and its unique number can no longer be used. The Standard can be withdrawn and not replaced, or it can be withdrawn and replaced by a Standard with a different number.

    PROTECTION AND COORDINATION OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF

    Withdrawn date:  19-04-2023

    Language(s): 

    Published date:  01-01-2001

    Publisher:  Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Chapter 1 - First principles
      1.1 Overview
      1.2 Protection against abnormalities
      1.3 Planning system protection
      1.4 Preliminary design
      1.5 Basic protective equipment
      1.6 Special protection
      1.7 Field follow-up
      1.8 References
    Chapter 2 - Short-circuit calculations
      2.1 Introduction
      2.2 Types of short-circuit currents
      2.3 The nature of short-circuit currents
      2.4 Protective device currents
      2.5 Per-unit calculations
      2.6 Short-circuit current calculation methods
      2.7 Symmetrical components
      2.8 Network interconnections
      2.9 Calculation examples
      2.10 Specialized faults for protection studies
      2.11 References
      2.12 Bibliography
    Chapter 3 - Instrument transformers
      3.1 Introduction
      3.2 Current transformers (CTs)
      3.3 Voltage (potential) transformers (VTs)
      3.4 References
      3.5 Bibliography
    Chapter 4 - Selection and application of protective relays
      4.1 General discussion of a protective system
      4.2 Zones of protection
      4.3 Fundamental operating principles
      4.4 Functional description - application and principles
      4.5 References
      4.6 Bibliography
    Chapter 5 - Low-voltage fuses
      5.1 General discussion
      5.2 Definitions
      5.3 Documentation
      5.4 Standard dimensions
      5.5 Typical interrupting ratings
      5.6 Achieving selectivity with fuses
      5.7 Current-limiting characteristics
      5.8 Special applications for low-voltage fuses
      5.9 References
      5.10 Bibliography
    Chapter 6 - High-voltage fuses (1000 V through 169 kV)
      6.1 Definitions
      6.2 Fuse classification
      6.3 Current-limiting and expulsion power fuse designs
      6.4 Application of high-voltage fuses
      6.5 References
      6.6 Bibliography
    Chapter 7 - Low-voltage circuit breakers
      7.1 General
      7.2 Ratings
      7.3 Current limitation
      7.4 Typical ratings
      7.5 Trip unit
      7.6 Application
      7.7 Accessories
      7.8 Conclusions
      7.9 References
      7.10 Bibliography
    Chapter 8 - Ground-fault protection
      8.1 General discussion
      8.2 Types of systems relative to ground-fault protection
      8.3 Nature, magnitudes, and damage of ground faults
      8.4 Frequently used ground-fault protective schemes
      8.5 Typical applications
      8.6 Special applications
      8.7 References
      8.8 Bibliography
    Chapter 9 - Conductor protection
      9.1 General discussion
      9.2 Cable protection
      9.3 Definitions
      9.4 Short-circuit current protection of cables
      9.5 Overload protection of cables
      9.6 Physical protection of cables
      9.7 Code requirements for cable protection
      9.8 Busway protection
      9.9 References
      9.10 Bibliography
    Chapter 10 - Motor protection
     10.1 General discussion
     10.2 Factors to consider in protection of motors
     10.3 Types of protection
     10.4 Low-voltage motor protection
     10.5 Medium-voltage motor protection
     10.6 References
     10.7 Bibliography
    Chapter 11 - Transformer protection
     11.1 General discussion
     11.2 Need for protection
     11.3 Objectives in transformer protection
     11.4 Types of transformers
     11.5 Preservation systems
     11.6 Protective devices for liquid preservation systems
     11.7 Thermal detection of abnormalities
     11.8 Transformer primary protective device
     11.9 Protecting the transformer from electrical disturbances
     11.10 Protection from the environment
     11.11 Conclusion
     11.12 References
     11.13 Bibliography
    Chapter 12 - Generator protection
     12.1 Introduction
     12.2 Classification of generator applications
     12.3 Short-circuit performance
     12.4 Generator grounding
     12.5 Protective devices
     12.6 References
     12.7 Bibliography
    Chapter 13 - Bus and switchgear protection
     13.1 General discussion
     13.2 Types of buses and arrangements
     13.3 Bus overcurrent protection
     13.4 Medium- and high-voltage bus differential protection
     13.5 Backup protection
     13.6 Low-voltage bus conductor and switchgear protection
     13.7 Voltage surge protection
     13.8 Conclusion
     13.9 References
     13.10 Bibliography
    Chapter 14 - Service supply-line protection
     14.1 General discussion
     14.2 Service requirements
     14.3 System disturbances
     14.4 Supply-line protection
     14.5 Examples of supply-system protective schemes
     14.6 References
     14.7 Bibliography
    Chapter 15 - Overcurrent coordination
     15.1 General discussion
     15.2 General considerations
     15.3 Overcurrent protection guidelines
     15.4 TCC plots
     15.5 CTIs
     15.6 Initial planning and data required for a coordination
           study
     15.7 Procedure
     15.8 Ground-fault coordination on low-voltage systems
     15.9 Phase-fault coordination on substation 600 V or less
     15.10 References
     15.11 Bibliography
    Chapter 16 - Maintenance, testing, and calibration
     16.1 Overview
     16.2 Definitions
     16.3 Safety of personnel
     16.4 Safety provisions for maintenance operations
     16.5 Frequency of maintenance operations
     16.6 Maintenance of switchgear for voltages up to
           1000 V ac and 1200 V dc
     16.7 Maintenance of air-magnetic switchgear for voltages
           above 1000 V ac and 1200 V dc
     16.8 Maintenance of oil switchgear
     16.9 Maintenance of vacuum circuit breaker switchgear
     16.10 Maintenance of sulphur hexafluoride (SF[6]) circuit
           breaker and load-interrupter switchgear
     16.11 Diagnostic testing
     16.12 Maintenance of auxiliary items
     16.13 Maintenance of protective apparatus
     16.14 Maintenance and testing of insulation
     16.15 Maintenance of industrial moulded-case circuit
           breakers (MCCBs)
     16.16 References
     16.17 Bibliography
    Index

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Provides a better understanding of the purpose for and techniques involved in the protection and coordination of industrial and commercial power systems.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Document Type Standard
    Publisher Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers
    Status Withdrawn
    Supersedes

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    IEEE 141 : 1993 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electric Power Distribution for Industrial Plants
    IEEE 902 : 1998 MAINTENANCE, OPERATION, AND SAFETY OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 142 : 2007 GROUNDING OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 1653.3 : 2012 GUIDE FOR RAIL TRANSIT TRACTION POWER SYSTEMS MODELING
    IEEE 741-2007 CRITERIA FOR THE PROTECTION OF CLASS 1E POWER SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IN NUCLEAR POWER GENERATING STATIONS
    DD IEC/TS 61968-2:2011 Application integration at electric utilities. System interfaces for distribution management Glossary
    IEEE DRAFT C37.95 : D6 99 DRAFT GUIDE FOR PROTECTIVE RELAYING OF UTILITY CONSUMER INTERCONNECTIONS
    IEEE 1242 : 1999 GUIDE FOR SPECIFYING AND SELECTING POWER, CONTROL AND SPECIAL-PURPOSE CABLE FOR PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAL PLANTS
    IEEE 3001.11 : 2017 APPLICATION OF CONTROLLERS AND AUTOMATION TO INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 3004.8:2016 MOTOR PROTECTION IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 3001.8 : 2013 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR THE INSTRUMENTATION AND METERING OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    CSA Z463 : 2013 GUIDELINE ON MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
    IEEE C37.20.2-2015 REDLINE IEEE Standard for Metal-Clad Switchgear
    IEEE 1584-2002 IEEE Guide for Performing Arc Flash Hazard Calculations
    NFPA 99 HDBK : 2018 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES CODE HANDBOOK
    NFPA 70B : 2016 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
    IEEE DRAFT 1147 : D8 2005 GUIDE FOR THE REHABILITATION OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
    IEEE C37.48.1-2002 GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION, OPERATION, AND COORDINATION OF HIGH-VOLTAGE (>1000 V) CURRENT-LIMITING FUSES
    PIP ELCGL01 : 2013 ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA
    UFC 3-540-08 : 2017 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA - UTILITY-SCALE RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
    UFC 4-510-01 : Change 2 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA - DESIGN: MILITARY MEDICAL FACILITIES
    UFC 3-550-07 : 2017 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O&M;): EXTERIOR POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
    NFPA 70B:2023 Standard for Electrical Equipment Maintenance
    TM 5-811-1 : V19950228 ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL - ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION
    CSA C22.3 No. 61936-1 : 2008 : R2015 POWER INSTALLATIONS EXCEEDING 1 KV A.C. - PART 1: COMMON RULES
    IEEE C57.13.3 : 2014 GUIDE FOR GROUNDING OF INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER SECONDARY CIRCUITS AND CASES
    CSA C22.3 No. 61936-1 : 2008 POWER INSTALLATIONS EXCEEDING 1 KV A.C. - PART 1: COMMON RULES
    IEEE DRAFT C57.13.3 : D9 2005 GUIDE FOR GROUNDING OF INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER SECONDARY CIRCUITS AND CASES
    NETA ATS : 2017 ACCEPTANCE TESTING SPECIFICATIONS FOR ELECTRICAL POWER EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
    IEEE 3004.5 : 2014 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR THE APPLICATION OF LOW-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE C37.13-2015 LOW-VOLTAGE AC POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS USED IN ENCLOSURES
    IEEE 45-7 : 2012 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS ON SHIPBOARD - AC SWITCHBOARDS
    NEMA ICS 14:2015 Application Guide for Electric Fire Pump Controllers
    ANSI/NEMA AB 3:2013 Molded-Case Circuit Breakers and Their Application
    EEE 602 : 2007 ELECTRIC SYSTEMS IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES
    IEEE DRAFT C37.91 : D7.0 2006 PROTECTING POWER TRANSFORMERS
    CSA C22.4 No. 1 : 2009(R2018) OBJECTIVE-BASED INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICAL CODE
    API 540 : 1999 : R2006 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN PETROLEUM PROCESSING PLANTS
    API 14F : 2008 : R2013 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR FIXED AND FLOATING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM FACILITIES FOR UNCLASSIFIED AND CLASS 1, DIVISION 1 AND DIVISION 2 LOCATIONS
    IEC TS 61968-2:2011 Application integration at electric utilities - System interfaces for distribution management - Part 2: Glossary
    IEEE 1547.2 : 2008 APPLICATION GUIDE FOR IEEE STD 1547[TM], IEEE STANDARD FOR INTERCONNECTING DISTRIBUTED RESOURCES WITH ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 1458-2005 SELECTION, FIELD TESTING, AND LIFE EXPECTANCY OF MOLDED-CASE CIRCUIT BREAKERS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
    IEEE 1818 : 2017 GUIDE FOR THE DESIGN OF LOW-VOLTAGE AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRIC POWER SUBSTATIONS
    IEEE 3001.5 : 2013 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR THE APPLICATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION APPARATUS IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE C62.72 : 2007 APPLICATION OF SURGE-PROTECTIVE DEVICES FOR USE ON THE LOAD SIDE OF SERVICE EQUIPMENT IN LOW-VOLTAGE (1000 V OR LESS, 50 HZ OR 60 HZ) AC POWER CIRCUITS
    IEEE 3001.2:2017 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR EVALUATING THE ELECTRICAL SERVICE REQUIREMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    CSA C22.4 PACKAGE : 2009 CONSISTS OF C22.4 NO. 1-09, OBJECTIVE-BASED INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICAL CODE AND C22.4 NO. 2-09, OBJECTIVE-BASED INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICAL CODE - SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
    IEEE DRAFT 551 : D5 2005 CALCULATING AC SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENTS IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 1290 : 2015 GUIDE FOR MOTOR-OPERATED VALVE (MOV) MOTOR APPLICATION, PROTECTION, CONTROL, AND TESTING IN NUCLEAR POWER-GENERATING STATIONS
    IEEE 3007.3-2012 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Safety in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
    IEEE C37.13.1-2006 IEEE Standard for Definite Purpose Switching Devices for Use in Metal-Enclosed Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Switchgear
    ASCE T&DI 21 13 : 2013 AUTOMATED PEOPLE MOVER STANDARDS
    IEEE C37.230 : 2007 GUIDE FOR PROTECTIVE RELAY APPLICATIONS TO DISTRIBUTION LINES
    IEEE 1792 : 2011 NUCLEAR POWER GENERATING STATION PREFERRED POWER SUPPLY RELIABILITY
    IEEE 3006.2 : 2016 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR EVALUATING THE RELIABILITY OF EXISTING INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    ASCE T&DI 21.3 : 2008 AUTOMATED PEOPLE MOVER STANDARDS - PART 3
    ABS 0057 : 2017 COR 2017 GUIDE FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF DRILLING SYSTEMS
    API 14F:2008 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR FIXED AND FLOATING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM FACILITIES FOR UNCLASSIFIED AND CLASS 1, DIVISION 1 AND DIVISION 2 LOCATIONS
    API 540:1999 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN PETROLEUM PROCESSING PLANTS
    IEEE 1147 : 2005 GUIDE FOR THE REHABILITATION OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
    IEEE 241 : 1990 ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
    IEEE C37.27-2008 LOW-VOLTAGE AC (635 V AND BELOW) POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS APPLIED WITH SEPARATELY-MOUNTED CURRENT-LIMITING FUSES
    IEEE DRAFT 741 : D1 2006 CRITERIA FOR THE PROTECTION OF CLASS 1E POWER SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IN NUCLEAR POWER GENERATING STATIONS
    ABS 0063 : 2018 COR 2018 RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FACILITIES ON OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS
    IEEE DRAFT C37.96 : D5 99 DRAFT GUIDE FOR AC MOTOR PROTECTION
    IEEE 1349-2011 GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS IN CLASS 1, DIVISION 2 AND CLASS 1, ZONE 2 HAZARDOUS (CLASSIFIED) LOCATIONS
    IEEE C37.95 : 2014 GUIDE FOR PROTECTIVE RELAYING OF UTILITY-CONSUMER INTERCONNECTIONS
    IEEE 551 : 2006 CALCULATING SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENTS IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 2030.2 : 2015 GUIDE FOR THE INTEROPERABILITY OF ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS INTEGRATED WITH THE ELECTRIC POWER INFRASTRUCTURE
    API 14FZ : 2013 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR FIXED AND FLOATING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM FACILITIES FOR UNCLASSIFIED AND CLASS 1, ZONE 0, ZONE 1, AND ZONE 2 LOCATIONS
    API 14F REDLINE : 2008 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR FIXED AND FLOATING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM FACILITIES FOR UNCLASSIFIED AND CLASS 1, DIVISION 1 AND DIVISION 2 LOCATIONS
    IEEE C37.20.1:2015 METAL-ENCLOSED LOW-VOLTAGE (1000 VAC AND BELOW, 3200 VDC AND BELOW) POWER CIRCUIT BREAKER SWITCHGEAR
    IEEE C37.20.3 : 2013 METAL-ENCLOSED INTERRUPTER SWITCHGEAR (1 KV-38 KV)
    IEEE C37.21-2005 CONTROL SWITCHBOARDS

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    IEC 60480:2004 Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) taken from electrical equipment and specification for its re-use
    IEEE C37.91 : 2008 PROTECTING POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE 519 : 2014 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES AND REQUIREMENTS FOR HARMONIC CONTROL IN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 1048 : 2003 PROTECTIVE GROUNDING OF POWER LINES
    IEEE C37.108 : 2002 GUIDE FOR THE PROTECTION OF NETWORK TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE 957 : 2005 GUIDE FOR CLEANING INSULATORS
    IEEE C37.102-2006 REDLINE IEEE Guide for AC Generator Protection
    IEEE C37.90-2005 IEEE Standard for Relays and Relay Systems Associated with Electric Power Apparatus
    IEEE C37.20.1:2015 METAL-ENCLOSED LOW-VOLTAGE (1000 VAC AND BELOW, 3200 VDC AND BELOW) POWER CIRCUIT BREAKER SWITCHGEAR
    ANSI C37.46 : 2010 FOR HIGH VOLTAGE EXPULSION AND CURRENT-LIMITING TYPE POWER CLASS FUSES AND FUSE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES
    IEEE C37.16-2009 LOW-VOLTAGE POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND AC POWER CIRCUIT PROTECTORS - PREFERRED RATINGS, RELATED REQUIREMENTS, AND APPLICATION RECOMMENDATIONS
    IEEE C37.95 : 2014 GUIDE FOR PROTECTIVE RELAYING OF UTILITY-CONSUMER INTERCONNECTIONS
    IEEE 241 : 1990 ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
    NEMA SG 3 : 1995 LOW-VOLTAGE POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS
    IEEE 32-1972 IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Procedures for Neutral Grounding Devices
    NEMA MG 1 : 2016 MOTORS AND GENERATORS
    NEMA ICS 1.3:1986 (R2001, R2009, R2015) Preventive Maintenance of Industrial Control and Systems Equipment
    IEEE C57.12.01 : 2015 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION AND POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE 62-1995 IEEE Guide for Diagnostic Field Testing of Electric Power Apparatus - Part 1: Oil Filled Power Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors
    IEC 60947-4-1:2009+AMD1:2012 CSV Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters - Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters
    ANSI C37.17 : 2012 TRIP DEVICES FOR AC AND GENERAL PURPOSE DC LOW VOLTAGE POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS
    NFPA 110 : 2016 EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS
    NEMA MG 10:2017 Energy Management Guide for Selection and Use of Fixed Frequency Medium AC Squirrel-Cage Polyphase Induction Motors
    ANSI C37.42 : 2009 SWITCHGEAR DISTRIBUTION CUTOUTS AND FUSE LINKS SPECIFICATIONS
    ANSI C37.50 : 1989 SWITCHGEAR - LOW VOLTAGE AC POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS USED IN ENCLOSURES - TEST PROCEDURES
    NEMA ICS 1.1-1984 (R1988, R1993, R1998, R2003, R2009, R2015) Safety Guidelines for the Application, Installation and Maintenance of Solid State Control
    API 546 : 2008 BRUSHLESS SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES - 500 KVA AND LARGER
    ASTM D 2029 : 1997 Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Content of Electrical Insulating Gases by Measurement of Dew Point
    NEMA SG 2 : 1993 HIGH VOLTAGE FUSES
    UL 248-8:3ED 2011-05 Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 8: Class J Fuses
    IEEE 1106-2015 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, TESTING, AND REPLACEMENT OF VENTED NICKEL- CADMIUM BATTERIES FOR STATIONARY APPLICATIONS
    IEEE C37.20.2-2015 REDLINE IEEE Standard for Metal-Clad Switchgear
    ASTM E 849 : 1986 Practice for Safety and Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to Asbestos (Withdrawn 1995)
    NFPA 70B : 2016 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
    ANSI/NEMA WC 51/ICEA P-54-440:2009(R2014) Ampacities of Cables Installed in Cable Trays
    UL 1008:8ED 2014-12 Transfer Switch Equipment
    IEEE C57.12.00-2015 STANDARD FOR GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LIQUID-IMMERSED DISTRIBUTION, POWER, AND REGULATING TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE C57.91:2011 GUIDE FOR LOADING MINERAL-OIL-IMMERSED TRANSFORMERS AND STEP-VOLTAGE REGULATORS
    IEEE 493 : 2007 DESIGN OF RELIABLE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    WC 5-1992 THERMOPLASTIC-INSULATED WIRE AND CABLE FOR THE TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    IEEE C57.96 : 2013 GUIDE FOR LOADING DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION AND POWER TRANSFORMERS
    UL 1066 : 4 LOW-VOLTAGE AC AND DC POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS USED IN ENCLOSURES
    ANSI/NEMA PB 2.1:2013 General Instructions for Proper Handling, Installation, Operation and Maintenance of Deadfront Distribution Switchboards Rated 600 Volts or Less
    ICEA P 32 382 : 2007(R2018) SHORT CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF INSULATED CABLES
    ANSI C37.44 : 1981 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR DISTRIBUTION OIL CUTOUTS AND FUSE LINKS
    WC 4-1988/ICEA S-65-375 3rd Ed. (R1993) VARNISHED-CLOTH-INSULATED WIRE AND CABLE FOR THE TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    IEEE C57.12.44 : 2014 REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY NETWORK PROTECTORS
    NECA 400 : 2007 INSTALLING AND MAINTAINING SWITCHBOARDS
    IEEE C37.48 : 2005 APPLICATION, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF HIGH-VOLTAGE FUSES, DISTRIBUTION ENCLOSED SINGLE-POLE AIR SWITCHES, FUSE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES, AND ACCESSORIES
    IEEE 4-2013 HIGH-VOLTAGE TESTING TECHNIQUES
    UL 857:13ED 2009-03 Busways
    IEEE C37.99-2012 REDLINE IEEE Guide for the Protection of Shunt Capacitor Banks
    ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014 Safety aspects Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
    AS/NZS 3000:2007 Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules)
    NEMA BU 1:2002 Busways
    UL 248-3:2ED 2000-08 Standard for Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 3: Class CA and CB Fuses
    UL 248-12:3ED 2011-05 Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 12: Class R Fuses
    UL 248-11:3ED 2011-05 Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 11: Plug Fuses
    IEEE C37.20.3 : 2013 METAL-ENCLOSED INTERRUPTER SWITCHGEAR (1 KV-38 KV)
    NEMA SG 4:2009(R2013) ALTERNATING CURRENT HIGH-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS
    IEEE C57.104-2008 INTERPRETATION OF GASES GENERATED IN OIL-IMMERSED TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE C37.35-1995 APPLICATION, INSTALLATION, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF HIGH-VOLTAGE AIR DISCONNECTING AND LOAD INTERRUPTER SWITCHES
    IEEE C37.010 : 1999 AC HIGH-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS > 1000 VAC RATED ON A SYMMETRICAL CURRENT BASIS
    IEEE 637 : 1985 RECLAMATION OF INSULATING OIL AND CRITERIA FOR ITS USE, GUIDE FOR THE
    IEC 60291:1969 Fuse definitions
    IEEE C37.13-2015 LOW-VOLTAGE AC POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS USED IN ENCLOSURES
    IEEE 80-2013 GUIDE FOR SAFETY IN AC SUBSTATION GROUNDING
    ANSI C84.1 : 2016 ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT - VOLTAGE RATINGS (60 HERTZ)
    UL 248-4:2ED 2000-08 Standard for Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 4: Class CC Fuses
    IEEE C37.40 : 2003 STANDARD SERVICE CONDITIONS AND DEFINITIONS FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE FUSES, DISTRIBUTION ENCLOSED SINGLE-POLE SWITCHES, FUSE DISCONNECTING SWITCHES, AND ACCESSORIES
    IEEE C57.92-1981 IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Power Transformers Up to and Including 100 MVA with 55 C or 65 C Average Winding Rise
    NEMA PB 2.2:2014 Application Guide for Ground-Fault Protective Devices for Equipment
    NFPA 70E : 2018 ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE
    IEEE C57.111 : 1989 GUIDE FOR ACCEPTANCE OF SILICONE INSULATING FLUID AND ITS MAINTENANCE IN TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE 142 : 2007 GROUNDING OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE C57.109-1993 GUIDE FOR LIQUID-IMMERSED TRANSFORMER THROUGH-FAULT-CURRENT DURATION
    NFPA 70 : 2017 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE
    UL 248-10:3ED 2011-05 Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 10: Class L Fuses
    ASTM D 2472 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Specification for Sulfur Hexafluoride
    IEEE C37.09 : 1999 TEST PROCEDURE FOR AC HIGH-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS RATED ON A SYMMETRICAL CURRENT BASIS
    ANSI/NEMA PB 1.1:2013 General Instructions for Proper Installation, Operation and Maintenance of Panelboards Rated 600 V or Less
    UL 248-9:2ED 2000-08 Standard for Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 9: Class K Fuses
    WC 3-1992 RUBBER-INSULATED WIRE AND CABLE FOR THE TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    IEC 60900:2012 Live working - Hand tools for use up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.
    IEEE 1100 : 2005 POWERING AND GROUNDING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
    AS 2467-2008 Maintenance of electrical switchgear
    ANSI/NEMA AB 3:2013 Molded-Case Circuit Breakers and Their Application
    IEEE C37.103 : 2015 GUIDE FOR DIFFERENTIAL AND POLARIZING RELAY CIRCUIT TESTING
    NEMA ICS 2.2 : 83(R1988) MAINTENANCE OF MOTOR CONTROLLERS AFTER A FAULT CONDITION
    IEEE 450-2010 IEEE Recommended Practice for Maintenance, Testing, and Replacement of Vented Lead-Acid Batteries for Stationary Applications
    NEMA AB 4:2017 Guidelines for Inspection and Preventive Maintenance of Molded-Case Circuit Breakers Used in Commercial and Industrial Applications
    API STD 541 : 2014 FORM-WOUND SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS - 375 KW (500 HORSEPOWER) AND LARGER
    IEEE C62.92.3-2012 REDLINE IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems, Part III -Generator Auxiliary Systems
    UL 248-1 : 3 LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
    UL 248-2:2ED 2000-08 Standard for Low-Voltage Fuses - Part 2: Class C Fuses
    IEEE C57.100:2011 THERMAL EVALUATION OF INSULATION SYSTEMS FOR LIQUID-IMMERSED DISTRIBUTION AND POWER TRANSFORMERS
    NFPA 111 : 2016 STORED ELECTRICAL ENERGY EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS
    NEMA ICS 2:2008 Controllers, Contactors and Overload Relays Rated 600 V
    IEC 60947-2:2016 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 2: Circuit-breakers
    NEMA ICS 2.3 : 1995(R2008) INDUSTRIAL CONTROL AND SYSTEMS: INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE HANDLING, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS
    IEEE C57.94-1982 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR INSTALLATION, APPLICATION, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE OF DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION AND POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE C37.41:2008 HIGH-VOLTAGE (>1000 V) FUSES AND ACCESSORIES
    AS 2676.1-1992 Guide to the installation, maintenance, testing and replacement of secondary batteries in buildings - Vented cells
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